镇江市社区美沙酮维持治疗门诊药物滥用者流行病学调查

目的了解镇江市美沙酮维持治疗（MMT）门诊入组治疗者的人口学、药物滥用、首次滥用年龄、性行为和门诊治疗情况等特征,为制定有效的综合干预措施提供依据。方法 2006年3月—2008年6月,对进入MMT门诊的309名吸毒人员进行问卷调查,调查其社会人口学、共用注射器具吸毒行为和性行为等情况。结果本次共调查309名吸毒人员,其中男性占71.2%（220/309）,女性占28.8%,平均年龄为（33.5±6.0）岁,259人（86.5%）有注射吸毒行为,治疗前1个月平均每天吸毒次数2.6±1.1次,中位数2次;治疗前1个月注射吸毒次数平均65.8±41.4次,中位数60次;平均每天毒品花费446.9±306元,中位数300元。治疗前3个月被公安部门羁押的有54人（17.5%）。210人（68.2%）有过非婚性行为,而最近1次性行为时78人（36.8%）使用了安全套;共检测出H IV抗体阳性3例,阳性率为0.98%（3/309）、梅毒11例,阳性率3.5%（11/309）、丙型肝炎抗体阳性232例,阳性率75.1%（232/309）、乙肝表面抗原（HSAg）阳性12例,阳性率为3.9%（12/309）。结论在进入社区MMT门诊治疗的吸毒人群中存在艾滋病及其他经血传播的高危险性,迫切需要在治疗的同时进行预防艾滋病的健康教育和行为干预。

Epidemiological Investigation on Drug Abusers in Community Methadone Maintenance Treatment Clinic in Zhenjiang City

Objective] To understand the characteristics of methadone maintenance treatment（MMT） participants such as demography,substance abuse,the age of using the drug for the first time,sexual behavior and out-patient treatment in Zhenjiang City,so as to provide evidence for developing effective and comprehensive measures for AIDS control.Methods]A total of 309 drug addicts who were accepted in Zhenjiang MMT clinic from March 2006 to June 2008 were conducted questionnaire survey which included the demographic characteristics,behavior of sharing injector and sexual behavior.Results] Of the 309 drug addicts,males accounted for 71.2%（220/309） while the percentage of female was 29.8%.The average age was 33.5±6.0 years old,259 drug addicts（83.5%） had intravenous drug abuse behavior,the average number of daily drug use 1 month before treatment was 2.6±1.1 times,median of 2 times;the number of injecting drug use was 65.8±41.4 in average1 month before treatment,median of 60 times;average daily cost of drugs was 446.9±306 yuan,median of 300 yuan.54 drug addicts（17.5%） had been caught by the public security departments 3 months before treatment.210（68.2%） had non-spuse sexual behavior,while only 78（36.8%） had used condoms during their last sex behaviors.3 HIV positive cases were detected,the positive rate was 0.98%（3/309）;11 cases were syphilis positive,positive rate was 3.5%（11/309）;232 were hepatitis C antibody positive,the positive rate was 75.1%（232/309）;12 were HSAg positive,the positive rate was 3.9%（12/309）.Conclusion]The participants of MMT clinic have high-risk of HIV transmission.It＇s highly necessary to implement health education of AIDS prevention and behavioral intervention while conducting methadone maintenance treatment.