狂犬病疫苗免疫程序的研究

目的 研究干扰素（ＩＦＮ）＋２针－２针－１针（２－２－１）程序和２－２－１程序的可行性,探讨ＩＦＮ的免疫调节作用。方法 ＩＮＦ＋２－２－１程序;于０、７、１４ｄ分别注射５．０、５．０、２．５ＩＵ原代地鼠肾细胞狂犬病疫苗（ＰＨＫＣＶ）,于０ｄ同时加注２０万ＩＵＩＦＮ－α;２－２－１程序：于０、７、１４ｄ分别注射５．０、５．０、２．５ＩＵＰＨＫＣＶ;对照：应艇ＷＨＯ推荐的常规程序。结果 ３种程序免疫后

Studies on schedules for human rabies immunization

OBJECTIVES: To study the feasibility of interferon (INF) plus an immunization schedule of two dose-two dose-one dose (2 - 2 - 1) of rabies vaccine and a simple 2 - 2 - 1 schedule, and to explore immune regulation mechanism of INF. METHODS: For an IFN plus 2 - 2 - 1 schedule, 5.0, 5.0 and 2.5 I.U. of primary hamster kidney cell rabies vaccine (PHKCV) were injected on the 1st, 7th and 14th day, respectively, and 0.2 million I.U. of IFN-alpha on the 1st day simultaneously. For a simple 2 - 2 - 1 schedule, only 5.0, 5.0 and 2.5 I.U. PHKCV were injected on the 1st, 7th and 14th day, respectively. And, for controls, a routine schedule recommended by WHO was used. RESULTS: On the 7th day after immunization, their geometric mean titer (GMT) of antibody was 1.71, 1.57 and 1.21 for the above three schedule groups, respectively; on the 14th day, 62.77, 58.79 and 28.96; on the 45th day, 76.64, 72.90 and 62.22. Conversion rate of antibody was 85.00%, 61.11% and 65.00%, respectively on the 7th day, and was 100.00% for all on the 14th day. Proportion of those with protective antibody level was 10.00%, 0.00% and 0.00%, respectively for the three schedule groups, on the 7th day; 100.00%, 100.00% and 95.00%, on the 14th day; and was 100.00% for all on the 45th day. Proportion of those with antibody titer more than 1:1 was 55.00%, 33.33% and 20.00%, respectively, on the 7th day. Adverse reaction rate was 0.00% - 55.00%, without significant difference between three schedule groups. CONCLUSIONS: Lower dose of IFN could enhance the effect of immune response to rabies vaccine. IFN plus 2 - 2 - 1 rabies vaccine schedule was better than that of simple 2 - 2 - 1 schedule, while the later was better than the routine schedule.