大鼠生后发育过程中脑细胞外间隙的解剖及生理特性的变化

大鼠脑发育是一个复杂的过程，胎儿期及生后的脑发育过程经历了组织学、细胞学和分子学的显著变化。大鼠脑的基本结构在胚胎期已形成，而不同部位之间的联系和脑功能的完善却在出生后发展，其间的许多变异是许多神经系统疾病的基础，因此生后脑发育过程仍然十分关键。尽管脑细胞微环境的概念已于150多年前被提出，但是对于在生后发育过程中发生显著变化的脑细胞外间隙的研究仍未获得显著进展。本文通过综述大鼠生后发育过程中脑细胞外间隙的解剖及生理特性的变化规律特点，阐述脑细胞外间隙在个体发育中的重要作用，有望为儿科发育相关的神经系统疾病的发生机制及有效治疗途径的探索提供相关依据。

The anatomical and physiological changes of rat brain extracellular space during postnatal development

Rat brain development is a complicated process. There are significant changes of histology, cytology and molecular biology in the process of fetal and postnatal brain development. The basic structure of brain has formed in the prenatal period. While the formation of connections between different parts and the improvement of the function of the brain occur after birth, during which many of the variations are bases of the nervous system diseases, so the postnatal brain development is still very important. Although the concept of brain microenvironment has been proposed more than 150 years ago, the research about the changing extracellular space (ECS) during the postnatal brain development has yet to gain significant progress. The author reviewed the anatomical and physiological characteristics of ECS in the process of postnatal development of the rat, stating the important role of ECS in the individual development, which is expected to provide reliable evidences for the explore of mechanisms and effective treatment approaches of pediatric development related nervous system diseases.