三维超声在盆底器官脱垂中应用的初步研究

目的三维超声观察盆底器官脱垂（POP）患者的肛提肌裂孔形态改变。方法POP组33例，普通妇科疾病患者为对照组29例，经会阴三维超声检查获取在静息及盆底肌收缩状态下的图像，观察肛提肌形态变化和肛提肌裂孔大小。结果三维横切面可清晰显示位于耻骨联合和肛门直肠连结间的肛提肌，以及穿过肛提肌裂孔的尿道、阴道、直肠。POP组盆底结构较对照组松弛，肛提肌回声欠均匀；POP组静息及缩肛状态下的肛提肌裂孔面积、矢状位肛提肌裂孔较对照组大，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论经会阴三维超声可较好地显示盆底的解剖结构。

Application of three-dimensional ultrasound in patients with pelvic organ prolapse

Objective To observe the morphological changes of levator ani hiatus in patients with pelvic organ prolapse （POP） by three - dimensional ultrasound. Methods Thirty - three patients with POP and 29 patients with common gynecological diseases were enrolled in this study. All the subjects were examined by transperineal three -dimensional ultrasound. The images of the standard midsagittal eld and volume datasets at rest and during contraction were acquired. The morphological changes of the levator ani between the two groups were observed. Results Three - dimensional ultrasound can clearly display the levator ani which located in pubis and anus there was significant differcnce between two groups（ P 〈 0.05 ）. Compared with the normal control group,the pelvic floor structure of POP group was relatively loose,and the echo of levator ani muscle appeared less homogeneous. There was significant difference of ultrasound parameters of levator hiatus （ the area of the levator ani hiatus and the sagittal hiatal diameter） measured at rest and during contraction. Conclusion Transperineal three - dimensional ultrasound can display the anatomy of pelvic floor well.