小儿纵隔肠源性囊肿影像学表现及分析

目的 分析小儿纵隔肠源性囊肿及其并发症的影像学表现及诊断。资料与方法 回顾性分析经手术病理证实的8例小儿纵隔肠源性、神经肠源性囊肿及其并发畸形、感染及出血时的影像学表现。结果 小儿纵隔肠源性囊肿多位于中后纵隔，呈圆形或椭圆形，密度均匀，边缘清楚。较大时可占据一侧胸腔的大部分。并发感染时囊肿壁模糊，囊内密度增高；囊肿穿孔后可与支气管相通，引起吸入性肺炎及咯血。神经肠源性囊肿均存在脊椎畸形。25％病例同时存在腹部肠重复畸形。结论 小儿纵隔肠源性囊肿少见，除囊肿本身的特点以外，还须注意其他伴发征象，诊断应依靠临床和综合影像学分析。

Imaging Manifestations of Mediastinal Enteric and Neurenteric Cysts in Children

Objective To discuss the imaging manifestations and diagnosis of the mediastinal enteric and neurenteric cysts and their complications in children.Materials and Methods Imaging findings in 8 children of pathologically-proved mediastinal enteric or neurenteric cysts with coexisted malformation, infection or bleeding were retrospectively analyzed.Results All the cysts were located in mid-posterior mediastinum, presenting as a round or oval mass with clear border and homogeneous density. Larger cysts occupied the greater part of the unilateral thoracic cavity. Blurred cystic wall and increased density of the cystic contents were seen when infection was complicated. The cyst could be communicated with the bronchus after it ruptured, resulting in inhalation pneumonia and emptysis. Vertebral anomalies were accompanied in all neurenteric cysts. Abdominal intestinal duplicate malformation was found in 25% of cases. Conclusion Mediastinal enteric cysts in children are rare. The diagnosis is based on a comprehensive consideration, including the features of the cyst itself, the accompanying signs as well as the clinical and imaging manifestations.