直肠癌保肛术后肠道功能障碍研究进展

直肠癌手术理念和技术的进步，使得低位直肠癌保肛率明显提高，而肠道功能障碍是困扰保肛术后患者的主要问题。目前研究从解剖、生理及动力学角度分析排粪功能改变的机制，认为肠道功能障碍与术后解剖改变、神经损伤以及括约肌功能受损等密切相关。本文总结了直肠癌术后肠道功能障碍的流行病学和发生机制，并阐述术后肠道功能障碍发生机制对预防和治疗术后肠道功能障碍的重要意义。

Progression in bowel dysfunction after sphincter- preserving operation for rectal cancer

The progress in the idea and technology of rectal cancer improve the rate of sphincter-preservation, while bowel dysfunction is the major problem puzzling patients after sphincter-preserving operation. Recent researches reveal bowel dysfunction is closely associated with the postoperative change of anatomy, nerve damage and sphincter functional injury based on the mechanism of defecation function change through the analysis of anatomy, physiology and dynamics. This paper summarizes the mechanism and epidemiology of bowel dysfunction after rectal cancer operation, and elucidate the role of such mechanism in treatment and prevention of above bowel dysfunction.