护士感知真实型领导、个人-工作环境匹配与职业倦怠的关系分析

目的 探讨护士感知真实型领导、个人-工作环境匹配与职业倦怠的关系。方法 采用真实型领导量表、个人-工作环境匹配量表及护士职业倦怠量表对青岛市3所三级甲等综合医院1 169名护士进行调查研究。结果 护士感知真实型领导与护士职业倦怠呈负相关（r=-0.374~-0.157,P<0.001）,个人-工作环境匹配与护士职业倦怠呈负相关（r=-0.553~-0.062,P<0.05）;分层回归显示,进入回归方程的变量有婚姻状况、科室、自我意识和工作负荷、团队氛围、工作认可和自主权（P<0.05）,其中护士感知真实型领导、个人-工作匹配共同解释职业倦怠的30.2%。结论 护士感知真实型领导和个人-工作环境匹配是护士职业倦怠的影响因素,提示护理管理者应采取相对应的措施培养护士长的真实领导行为,提高护士与工作环境的匹配度,降低职业倦怠。

Job Burnout of Clinical Nurses in Tertiary Grade A Hospitals and Its Influence Factors

Objective To explore the current status of job burnout of nurses in tertiary grade A hospitals in Qingdao and to analyze its influence factors. Methods A survey was conducted among 1,169 nurses in three tertiary grade A hospitals in Qingdao by using the Authentic Leadership Scale, Areas of Worklife Scale and Nurse Burnout Scale. Results Authentic leadership had a negative correlation with nurses' job burnout(r=-0.374~-0.157, P<0.001). Areas of worklife was also negative ly correlated with nurses' job burnout（r=-0.553~-0.062, P<0.05）. Hierarchical regression showed that the variables that entered the regression equation included marital status, Department, self-awareness and workload, community, reward and control (P<0.05), among which nurses perceived authentic leadership and areas of worklife accounted for 30.2% of job burnout. Conclusion Nurses' perception of authentic leadership and areas of worklife are the influencing factors of nurses' job burnout. It suggests that nursing managers should take corresponding measures to cultivate the real leadership behavior of head nurses, improve the matching degree between nurses and work environment, and reduce job burnout.