超声引导下竖脊肌平面阻滞对多发肋骨骨折患者术后早期呼吸功能的影响

目的：探讨超声引导下竖脊肌平面阻滞（ESPB）对多发肋骨骨折（MRFs）患者术后早期呼吸功能和炎性因子的影响。
方法：选择2019年2月至2021年12月择期行多发肋骨骨折手术患者58例，男42例，女16例，年龄18～64岁，BMI 18.5～30.0 kg/m²,ASA Ⅰ或Ⅱ级。采用随机数字表法将患者分为两组：ESPB联合全身麻醉组（E组）和单纯全身麻醉组（G组），每组29例。E组于麻醉诱导后在侧卧位下实施超声引导下ESPB，给予0.5%罗哌卡因0.4 ml/kg。记录麻醉诱导前、出PACU时、术后24、48 h的用力肺活量（FVC）、动脉血气分析、静息和咳嗽时VAS疼痛评分。记录术后0～24 h、24～48 h的PCIA有效按压次数和补救镇痛情况。记录麻醉诱导前、术后24、48 h的IL-6和TNF-α浓度。
结果：与G组比较，E组出PACU时、术后24、48 h的FVC明显增大（P<0.05），PaCO₂、静息和咳嗽时VAS疼痛评分明显降低（P<0.05）。与G组比较，E组术后0～24 h、24～48 h的PCIA有效按压次数和补救镇痛率明显降低（P<0.05）。与G组比较，E组术后24、48 h的IL-6和TNF-α浓度明显降低（P<0.05）。
结论：超声引导下ESPB可为MRFs患者提供良好的术后镇痛，促进术后早期呼吸功能的恢复。

Effect of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block on early postoperative respiratory function in patients with multiple rib fractures

Objective: To investigate the effect of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB) on early postoperative respiratory function and inflammatory cytokines in patients with multiple rib fractures (MRFs).
Methods: Fifty-eight patients who underwent MRFs surgery, 42 males and 16 females, aged 18-64 years, BMI 18.5-30.0 kg/m², ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ, were selected from February 2019 to December 2021. The patients were divided into two groups using random number method: ESPB combined with general anesthesia group (group E) and general anesthesia alone group (group G), 29 patients in each group. All the patients in group E underwent ultrasound-guided ESPB in the lateral decubitus position after general anesthesia induction, and 0.5% ropivacaine 0.4 ml/kg was administered. Forced vital capacity (FVC), arterial blood gas analysis, VAS pain scores at rest and cough were recorded before anesthesia induction, at discharge from PACU, 24 and 48 hours after operation. The number of effective PCIA compressions during 0-24 hours and 24-48 hours after surgery and the number of rescue analgesia were recorded. The concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α were recorded before anesthesia induction, 24 and 48 hours after operation.
Results: Compared with group G, the FVC was significantly higher, and the VAS score and PaCO₂ were significantly lower in group E at discharge from PACU, 24 and 48 hours after operation (P < 0.05). The number of effective PCIA compressions during 0-24 hours and 24-48 hours after surgery, the rate of rescue analgesia, the concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α 24 and 48 hours after operation in group E were significantly lower than those in group G (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided ESPB can provide good postoperative analgesia, promote early postoperative recovery of respiratory function in patients with MRFs．