阵发性心房颤动患者窦性心律下P波离散度及最大时限的临床分析

目的 探讨体表心电图P波离散度(Pd)及最大时限(Pmax)在阵发性心房颤动(PAF)发生电生理机制中的作用,评价Pd、Pmax对PAF发生的预测价值.方法 48例PAF患者(PAF组),根据有无器质性心脏病分为无器质性心脏病组(PAF1组)20例及合并器质性心脏病组(PAF2组)28例,另选择同期非心房颤动患者46例作为对照组.分别行常规12导联体表心电图检查,记录窦性心律心电图,计算并对比分析相应的Pd、Pmax及其对PAF发生的预测价值.结果 PAF组Pd及Pmax显著高于对照组(41.11±4.97)ms比(27.77±4.72)ms,(111.43±8.01)ms比(95.57±9.01)ms](P＜0.05).PAF2组较PAF1组Pmax明显延长(P＜0.05),但两组Pd比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).以Pd≥40 ms联合Pmax≥110 ms作为预测PAF发生的指标,其特异度为95.65%,灵敏度为81.25%,阳性预测值为95.12%.结论 Pd、Pmax在PAF患者中均较非心房颤动患者明显增加,Pd≥40 ms、Pmax≥110 ms可作为预测PAF发生的有效指标,以Pd≥40ms联合Pmax≥110ms对PAF发生的预测更为可靠、准确.

Evaluation of P wave dispersion and maximum P wave duration in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

Objective To investigate the electrophysiology mechanism of the P wave dispersion (Pd) and the maximum P wave duration (Pmax) in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF),and evaluate the effect of the Pd and Pmax in the prediction of PAF. Methods Forty-eight patients with PAF (group PAF) were slected and divided into 2 sub-groups according to the organic heart disease,group PAF1 (20 cases, without organic heart disease) and group PAF2 ( 28 cases, with organic heart disease). Forty-six patients without PAF were selected as control group. The Pd and Pmax were measured from the 12-lead surface electrocardiogram (ECG). Results The Pd and Pmax in group PAF was higher than that in control group (41.11 ± 4.97 ) ms vs. (27.77 ± 4.72) ms, ( 111.43 ± 8.01 ) ms vs. (95.57 ± 9.01 ) ms] (P ＜ 0.05 ). The Pmaxin group PAF2 was significantly higher than that in group PAF1 (P ＜ 0.05),and there was no significant difference in the Pd between group PAF2 and group PAF1 (P＞ 0.05 ). The specificity, sensitivity and positive predictive value of Pd ≥40 ms combined with Pmax ≥ 110 ms was 95.65%, 81.25% and 95.12%. Conclusion The Pd and Pmax in the patients with PAF are significantly higher than those in the patients without PAF, and Pd≥40 ms combined with Pmax≥ 110 ms can be used to predict the PAF more reliably and accurately.