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Risk Factors Associated with Self-Injurious Behaviors in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorders |
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| Authors: | Emma G Duerden Hannah K Oatley Kathleen M Mak-Fan Patricia A McGrath Margot J Taylor Peter Szatmari S Wendy Roberts |
| Institution: | 1. Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada 2. Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada 3. Department of Anesthesia, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada 5. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada 4. Holland Bloorview Children’s Rehabilitation Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada |
| Abstract: | While self-injurious behaviors (SIB) can cause significant morbidity for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), little is known about its associated risk factors. We assessed 7 factors that may influence self-injury in a large cohort of children with ASD: (a) atypical sensory processing; (b) impaired cognitive ability; (c) abnormal functional communication; (d) abnormal social functioning; (e) age; (f) the need for sameness; (g) rituals and compulsions. Half (52.3%, n?=?126) of the children (n?=?241, aged 2–19?years) demonstrated SIB. Abnormal sensory processing was the strongest single predictor of self-injury followed by sameness, impaired cognitive ability and social functioning. Since atypical sensory processing and sameness have a greater relative impact on SIB, treatment approaches that focus on these factors may be beneficial in reducing self-harm in children with ASD. |
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