钩虫病不同防治方案的现场研究

为了探索简便而有效的群众性防治钩虫病的方法,于1971—1990年在广西壮族自治区武鸣县陆斡镇和太平乡采用单纯查治、查治结合粪管和全民服用甲苯达唑药盐3种防治方案观察其防治钩虫病的效果。结果:单纯查治法经过10年的实施,居民钩虫感染率从42.6％降至3.9％,地方感染程度克粪虫卵数(EPG)从 425.6个降至1.6个,再经查治未继续下降;查治结合粪管法经过7年的实施,居民感染率从58.7％降至10.9％,地方感染程度 EPG从111.5个下降至8.5个,中断查治3年后感染率回升至 14.5％;全民服用甲苯达唑药盐法分别采用服药 100mg/d·30d 和 50dmg/d·30 d 两种方案,服完后 1年居民感染率分别从 36％、36％下降至 2％、1.3％、地方感染程度 EPG 从110.3个、246 个下降至 1.3个和 0.24个,经过3年的远期观察,感染率仍控制在 2％以下,感染程度 EPG在1个虫卵以下。上述结果表明全民服甲苯达唑药盐,其方法简便易行,能巩固防治效果、适用于群众性防治。

FIELD STUDIES ON DIFFERENT CONTROL SCHEMES FOR HOOKWORM INFECTION

Three different control schemes including selective chemotherapy, a combination of selective chemotherapy and management of fecal disposal and mass treatment with mebenda-zole-medicated salt were implemented for the control of hookworm infection in Luwo Town and Taiping Village, Wuming County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region during 1971 -1990. Through ten years of selective chemotherapy, the results showed that the hookworm infection rate dropped from 42. 6% to 3. 9% and the infection intensity from 425. 6 eggs per gram faeces to 1. 6 eggs per gram faeces. After seven years of selective chemotherapy combined with management of fecal, the hookworm infection rate dropped from 58.7% to 10. 9% and the infection intensity from 111. 5 eggs per gram faeces to 8. 5 eggs per gram faeces. However, 3 years after the termination of the combined treatment,the hookworm infection rate increased to 14. 5%. As for the implementation of the third scheme, mebendazole- medicated salt was given at 100 mg daily for 30 consecutive days or at 50 mg daily for 30 consecutive days. Stool examination was made one year after the treatment,the results showed that the infection rate of the inhabitants dropped from 36% and 36% to 2% and 1. 3%, respectively, and the infection intensity dropped from 110. 3 and 246 eggs per gram faeces to 1. 3 and 0. 24 eggs per gram faeces. After three years, the infection rate of inhabitants'remained under 2% and the infection intensity under 1 egg per gram faeces. It was concluded that mass treatment with mebendazole-medicated salt might be the most practical scheme for the control of hookworm infection.