铅作业人员的尿粪卟啉和血细胞参数的测定意义

目的:探讨金属铅对铅作业人员血液系统的影响,及尿粪卟啉和血细胞参数测定的意义。方法:以铅作业工人465人为观察组,以不接触铅和其他生产性毒物的某单位职工286人为对照组,各取尿20 ml和EDTA-K2抗凝血2 ml,用荧光比色法进行尿粪卟啉测定,用CA-900全自动血液分析仪进行血细胞分析。结果:铅作业组的尿粪卟啉阳性率42.5%明显高于对照组2.10%(χ2=146.7,P<0.01),血红蛋白与红细胞降低检出率(8.17%4、.73%)高于对照组的(1.75%、1.04%)(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论:金属铅对铅作业人员的血液系统的影响,主要表现为卟啉代谢紊乱和血红素合成障碍,要定期对铅作业人员测定尿粪卟啉和血细胞参数,及早发现铅中毒人员,维护铅作业人员的身体健康。

Significance of urinary and fecal porphyrins and blood cell parameters in lead-exposed workers

Objective:To discuss the effect of lead on the blood system in workers exposed to lead,and the determination significance of urinary coproporphyrin and hemocyte parameters.Methods: 465 lead-exposed workers as observation group and 286 employees without exposing to lead and other industrial toxicants as control group were involved.20 ml urine and 2 ml EDTA-k2 anticoagulation were taken from people in observation group and control group for urinary coproporphyrin detection by fluorescence colorimetry and blood cell analysis by CA-900 full automatic blood analyzer respectively.Results: The positive rates of urinary coproporphyrin(42.5%),hemoglobin(8.17%) and red blood cell reduction(4.73%) in lead-exposed group were higher than those in control group(2.10%,1.75% and 1.04% respectively)(χ2=146.7,P<0.01;χ2=13.5,P<0.01;χ2=6.36,P<0.05).Conclusion: Effect of lead on blood system of lead-exposed workers performed mainly purine metabolism disorder and hemoglobin synthesis defect,so regular determination of urinary coproporphyrins and blood parameters on lead-exposed workers can keep health of operation personnel.