广东省地方性氟中毒重病区病情现状调查

目的掌握广东省地方性氟中毒重病区县的病情现状,为今后预防控制地方性氟中毒提供科学依据。方法在8个重病区县(市)中随机抽取4个,采用分层整群抽样方法,对受调查县轻、中、重病区分别随机抽取50%的病区村为调查点。调查8～12岁儿童氟斑牙和成人氟骨症患病情况;检测饮水氟和8～12岁儿童尿氟;调查改水情况。结果8～12岁儿童的氟斑牙总患病率为12.15%,未检出重度氟骨症患者;饮水氟平均为1.10 mg/L ;8～12岁儿童尿氟的几何均值为1.27 mg/L;重病区县总改水率94.1%。结论广东省地方性氟中毒重病区县的病情基本得到控制,原有氟中毒患者的病情有转轻的趋势,部分重病区县的改水降氟设施的使用和管理工作需进一步加强。

Current situation of severe diseased areas of fluorosis in Guangdong province

Objective To investigate the present condition of endemic fluorosis in serious diseased areas in Guangdong province, and to provide scientific measures for controlling endemic fluorosis in future. Methods Four countries were randomized in 8 severely prevailed areas; fifty percent of the population in the areas respectively from light, moderate and severe diseased regions were taken into account. Dental fluorosis in children aging 8 to 12 years and serious skeletal fluorosis in adults were investigated. Fluoride levels in water and children's urine were assessed, and investigation of water improving facility were carried out. Results The incidence rate of dental fluorosis in the children was 12.15%, and no serious skeletal fluorosis patient was found. The averaging fluoride level in water was 1.10 mg/L; in the children's urine 1.27 mg/L; water quality had been improved in 94.1% of the severely prevailed counties. Conclusions Endemic fluorosis in Guangdong province is almost under control, and the patients' condition is improving. Defluoridation and improving water quality should be further carried out in some seriously diseased areas.