获自发热患者血液一株猪霍乱沙门菌L型的研究

目的分析获自发热患者血液的一株猪霍乱沙门菌L型的性质,探讨猪霍乱沙门菌L型感染的病原学诊断与治疗。方法采用细菌L型分离培养方法从常规细菌学分离培养阴性的发热患者血清中获得一株猪霍乱沙门菌L型,对其形态与培养、抗原、返祖及药物敏感性进行分析与研究。结果猪霍乱沙门菌L型在常规细菌学液体或固体培养基内均不能形成明显的生长现象,在L型琼脂培养基上形成细小菌落。猪霍乱沙门菌L型为革兰阴性的长丝、圆球或不规则形态,生化反应及诊断血清凝集反应不典型,抗生素敏感性与其亲代细菌型有差别。L型经多次传代培养后可发生返祖,返祖菌的生化反应、诊断血清凝集反应以及抗生素敏感性与原来细菌型一致。结论抗生素的不规范使用可导致猪霍乱沙门菌在患者体内形成L型,从而造成患者的临床症状不典型以及病原学诊断漏诊和影响治疗效果。对于反复发生的以及常规细菌学分离培养多次阴性的血液感染患者,应当高度注意细菌L型的分离培养。

Study on L-form Salmonella cholerae-suis isolated from blood of a patient with fever

Objective To determine the propertis of L-form Salmonella cholerae-suis isolated from blood of a patient with fever,probe into some properties in etiologic diagnosis and treatment of L-form Salmonella cholerae-suis infection.Methods By the isolation method for L-form,a stram of L-form Salmonella cholerae-suis was isolated from the blood of a patient with fever which was negative culture by routine bacteriologic method,and the morphology,growth,antigen,revesion and drug suscepbilities of the L-form were determined.Results The L-form of Salmonella cholerae-suis did not form obviously growth in routine bacteriologic liquid or solid media,but grew obviously and genertated small colonies on L-form agar medium.The high irregular morphologies of the L-form of Salmonella cholerae-suis,including filaments,spheroplasts and irregular bodies,were found by Gram stain.The metabolism and the dignostic sera reaction for Salmonella spp of the L-form were atypical and the antibiotics suscepilities of the L-form were different from those of their parental bacteria.Revesion of the L-form was found after subcultured many times and the reversed strains were as same as the original bacterial form in the metabolism,the reaction with dignostic sera for Salmonella spp and the antibiotic suscepilities.Conclusion The L-form can be induced from Salmonella cholerae-suis by unsuitable usage of antibiotics,and make the atypical symptoms,mistaken diagnosis of etiology and invalid treatment for the disease.The isolation of L-form should be paid a high attention to the patients infected again and again,but the results of etiologic diagnosis are always negative by routine bacteriologic method for many times.