无保护会阴接生法对初产妇会阴侧切率和产后疼痛的影响

目的探讨无保护会阴接生技术对初产妇会阴侧切率和产后疼痛的影响。方法将500例初产妇按入院时间的不同分为2组,每组250例。2013年3-11月入院产妇为观察组,2012年7月至2013年2月入院的产妇为对照组。对照组产妇采用传统接生技术分娩;观察组产妇采用会阴无保护接生技术分娩。观察比较2组产妇会阴切开率,术后<48 h会阴水肿、裂伤程度及疼痛等情况。结果对照组会阴侧切率为66.0%,观察组会阴侧切率为30.4%,对照组明显高于观察组(P<0.05)。2组均未出现会阴Ⅲ度裂伤。2组产妇产后<48 h会阴水肿程度比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),会阴疼痛级别分布上观察组(0级45例、Ⅰ级113例)明显优于对照组(0级20例、Ⅰ级96例)(P<0.05)。结论无保护会阴接生可降低产妇会阴侧切率,同时也减轻产妇对分娩的恐惧,提高分娩舒适感,促进产妇产后的身心康复。

Effects of Unprotected Perineum Delivery Technique on Episiotomy Rate and Postpartum Pain in Primiparas

Objective To investigate the effects of unprotected perineum delivery technique on episiotomy rate and postpartum pain in primiparas. Methods Five hundred primiparas were divided into two groups according to admission time, with 250 primiparas in each group. Primiparas in observation group（from March 2013 to November 2013）and control group（from July 2012 to February 2013）received traditional delivery technique and unprotected perineum delivery technique, respectively. Episiotomy rate, perineal edema within 48 hours after operation, laceration degree and perineal pain were compared between the two groups. Results The episiotomy rate in control group was significantly higher than that in observation group （66.0% vs 30.4%,P〈0.05）.No grade Ⅲ perineal laceration occu-rred in both groups, and no significant difference in the degree of perineal edema within 48 hours after operation was found between the two groups （P〉0.05）. The grade 0 and Ⅰ perineal pain, respectively, occurred in 45 and 113 primiparas in observation group, and in 20 and 96 primiparas in control group. There were significant differences in the incidence of grade 0 and Ⅰ perineal pain between the two groups （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Unprotected perineum delivery technique can reduce episiotomy rate, relieve maternal fear of childbirth,increase delivery comfort,and promote postpartum physical and mental rehabilitation.