北京市通州区农村自然人群病毒性肝炎血清流行病学调查

目的为了解北京市通州区目前各型病毒性肝炎人群分布特征。随着人们生活水平的提高和卫生条件的改善，新生儿及青少年甲、乙肝疫苗的接种，人群的感染模式发生了改变。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法，被抽中的调查村为张湾镇瓜厂村和潞城镇七级村。2个调查村共需调查500人，调查以家庭为单位随机抽取年龄在12个月以上的自然人群。甲、乙、丙肝采用美国雅培公司试剂，以微粒子酶免疫检测试剂（MEIA）检测。用雅培AXSYM检测设备进行检测。戊肝采用科华试剂用酶联免疫试验进行检测。抗-HAV≥20 mIU／ml为阳性；HBsAgS／N值≥2为阳性；抗-HBs≥10mIu／ml为阳性；抗-HBcS／CO值在0．000～1．000之间为阳性；HBeAgS／CO≥1为阳性。结果各年龄组检测502人，抗-HAV阳性467人，阳性率93．0％；抗-HBVM阳性245人，阳性率48．8％；乙肝病毒感染标志中，HBsAg携带率为2．6％，抗一HBs阳性率为34．9％，抗一HBc阳性率为34．1％，HBeAg阳性率为23．1％。抗-HCV阳性6人，阳性率1．2％；抗-HEV阳性11人，阳性率2．2％。结论该区自然人群病毒性肝炎血清学感染标志较1992年的调查发生了改变，主要表现在：①甲肝抗体阳性率较1992年上升25．3％；②乙肝HBsAg携带率较1992年下降了42．6％；③丙肝和戊肝感染率较1992年分别下降了53．1％和81．1％。

Seroepidemiological studies on viral hepatitis among natural population in rural Tongzhou District, Beijing

Objective To understand the personal distribution of varied types of viral hepatitis in rural Tongzhou District. Methods Multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to study prevalence of varied types of viral hepatitis in natural population aged over 12 months at Guacun Village of Zhangjiawan Town and Qijicun Village of Lucheng Town, Tongzhou of Beijing, with microenzyme immune assay （MEIA） reagents and AXSYM apparatus made by Abbott Corp. In the United States for viral hepatitis A, B and C （HAV, HBV and HCV）, and with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） reagent made by Kehua Co. in China for viral hepatitis E （HEV） . Positive was defined as serum level equal to or greater than 20 mIU/ml for anti-HAV, ratio of S/N equal to or greater than 2 for HBsAg, serum level equal to or greater than 10 mIU/ml for anti-HBs, ratio of S/CO between 0 - 1 for anti-HBc and ratio of S/CO equal to or greater than 1 for HBeAg. Results Totally, serum was detected for prevalence of varied types of viral hepatitis in 502 persons, and 467 of them were positive for anti-HAV （93.0 percent）, 245 positive for HBV （48.8 percent）, 2.6 percent positive for HBsAg, 34.9 percent positive for anti-HBs, 34.1 percent positive for anti-HBc, 23.1 percent positive for HBeAg, six positive for anti- HVC （1.2 percent） and 11 positive for anti-HEV （2.2 percent） . Conclusions Prevalence of serum markers for viral hepatitis infection in this study on natural population changed, as compared to that study in 1992, showing ① serum prevalence of anti-HAV increased by 25.3 percent, ② carriage of HBsAg decreased by 42.6 percent, and ③ prevalence of HCV and HEV decreased by 53.1 percent and 81.1 percent, respectively.