超声测定正常胎儿心脏房室瓣环、腔室径及其与胎龄的相关性

目的建立不同孕周时超声测定胎儿心脏各腔室径的正常值,探讨心脏测值随孕周变化的规律。方法将胎龄为16～40周的552胎正常胎儿按照胎龄分为13组,应用高分辨二维超声心动图测量其房室瓣环径、二、三尖瓣距离(M-TD)及心脏各腔室径,计算正常均值,对各测定值与胎龄绘制散点图进行相关和回归分析,选择最优化方程。结果胎儿期心脏结构各测定值随胎龄增加而增大,与孕周呈显著正相关(P均<0.01);M-TD与胎龄呈线性相关,二、三尖瓣环径及其他心脏各腔室测值与胎龄之间呈非线性相关,曲线拟合显示二次多项式方程拟合度最优。结论正常胎儿心脏房室瓣环径、M-TD以及其他房室腔各测值随胎龄而增大,与孕周呈显著正相关。

Ultrasonic evaluation on atrioventricular valve orifice and cardiac chambers and the correlation with gestational ages in normal fetus

Objective To establish normal values for fetal cardiac structures at different stage of gestation, and to evaluate the correlation with gestational ages. Methods Totally 552 normal fetus (gestational ages ranged form 16-40 weeks) were divided into 13 groups. The diameter of atrioventricular valve ring, mitral valve-tricuspid valve distance (M-TD) and the other cardiac chambers were measured with 2-Dimentional high-resolution ultrasonography, and the averages values were calculated. A scatter diagram was initially potted of each measured cardiac dimension against gestational age, and a regression and correlation analysis was made between each specific measurement with gestational weeks. The optimal equation was selected according to the regression equation parameters. Results In normal fetus, the measurement values of fetal cardiac structures increased as gestational age advanced. Linear regression curve that correlated M-TD with gestational age showed a gradual slop (P<0.01). A quadratic polynomial curve that correlated the other cardiac chambers with gestational age was best fitted. Conclusion The atrioventricular valve orifice, M-TD and diameters of the other cardiac structures in normal fetuses increase gradually with pregnancy advancing, remarkably and positively correlate with gestational age.