改水改厕和环境整治控制土壤蛔虫虫卵及鞭虫虫卵污染的纵向观察

目的了解农村地区实施改水改厕和环境整治等综合措施后土壤中土源性线虫虫卵污染情况、变化规律及对人群土源性线虫感染的控制效果。方法在江西省进贤县2个村,用饱和硫酸镁离心浮聚法检查土壤中蛔虫虫卵和鞭虫虫卵的污染情况,Kato法检查人群土源性线虫感染情况。结果改水改厕后,试点村土壤中蛔虫和鞭虫虫卵阳性率均呈下降的趋势,1年后庭院、客厅、菜园、厕所蛔虫虫卵阳性率和总阳性率分别下降76.48%(P<0.01)、66.68%(P<0.05)、49.99%(P<0.05)、43.75%(P>0.05)和59.03%(P<0.01),以后均维持在较低的水平,鞭虫虫卵阳性率分别下降68.74%、62.50%、64.71%、64.71%和65.15%(P<0.01)。死蛔虫虫卵率从试点前的2.57%上升到2006年的69.81%,死鞭虫虫卵率从0.61%上升至78.13%,之后2年均保持在70%左右水平。结论实施改水改厕和环境整治控制土壤蛔虫虫卵和鞭虫虫卵污染效果显著,也是控制人群蛔虫、鞭虫感染的有效途径。

Longitudinal observation of contamination with eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura and control efforts through improved drinking water,latrine improvements and environmental improvements

Objective To ascertain the level of contamination with eggs of soil-transmitted nematodes and the effects of efforts to control infection in the population through improved drinking water,latrine improvements,and environmental improvements.Methods In two villages of Jinxian County,Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura eggs in soil were tested using saturated magnesium sulfate flotation,and the population was tested for infection with soil-transmitted nematodes using the Kato-Katz method.Results After...