海军飞行员吸烟行为及流行因素调查

目的：对飞行员吸烟行为及流行因素进行调查分析，并为戒烟提出相应措施。方法：对486名入院疗养的男性飞行员进行问卷式调查，内容包括年龄、是否吸烟、初吸原因、现吸原因、是否影响健康、身患何种疾病及吸烟有害健康知识测定。结果：飞行员总吸烟率为61％，有42％吸烟者患有一种或一种以上与吸烟相关的疾病，74％吸烟者认为吸烟利大于弊，76％吸烟者认为敬烟是对人的尊重。初吸原因依次为尝试、社交、消遣、解烦和解乏。现吸原因依次为成瘾、消遣、解乏、社交及解烦。结论：对吸烟行为产生不正确的认识及吸烟有害健康的知识缺乏是产生吸烟行为的主要因素，吸烟已严重威胁飞行员身体健康，应加强健康教育。建议对海军飞行员加大控烟措施的力度。

An investigation of smoking habits and influencing factors among naval aviators

Objective: To investigate and analyze smoking habits and influencing factors among naval aviators, and also to put forward relative countermeasures for smoking cessation. Methods: 486 male aviators admitted to the sanatorium were inquired through questionnaire on age, smoking habit, the reason of the first smoking, the reason of current smoking, its effect upon health, the diseases, and the knowledge about health damage due to smoking. Results: Total smoking rate among the aviators is 61 %, of which 42 % smokers suffered from one or more diseases that were related with smoking. 74 % of the smokers held that smoking would do more good than harm, and 76 % of the smokers thought that offering people cigarettes showed respects to them. The reasons for first smoking in order of importance were: curiosity, social intercourse, recreation, release of boredom, and recovery from fatigue. The reasons for current smoking also in order of importance were: addiction, recreation, recovery from fatigue, boredom, social intercourse, and release of boredom. Conclusion: Misconception about smoking and lack of knowledge about the hazards of smoking are two main contributing factors to smoking. Smoking has seriously threatened the health of aviators. So it is a matter of importance that they should be educated on health, and it is recommended that active measures should be taken to control smoking among aviators.