青海不同鼠疫自然疫源地内7种蚤前胃形态结构光镜研究

应用解剖剥离和光学显微镜研究青海7种染疫蚤前胃形态结构，结果显示两块疫源地内蚤前胃结构相似，外部形态多样。前胃刺末端形态有钩形、吸管形、U字形、舌形、锥形、梭镖形、勺形、指形、刀形等。每刺两侧具有齿，刺齿的分布占刺全长4／5，3／4，1／3，1／2。刺基部形态有四棱形、三角形、长方形、漏斗形、矛形、五棱形、六棱形。人蚤刺粗大、长、骨化深，齿大，占刺长4／5。提示前胃刺形态结构特征可能在鼠疫传播媒介上具有重要意义。

Microscopic Study on Shape and Structure of the Proventriculi of Seven Species of Fleas from Plague Natural Foci in Qinghai

This paper reported the shape and structure of seven species of flea by microscopy and dissection. The result showed that the external shape of proventriculus could be divided into five types. There were about nine types of the apex shape of proventricular spines. The spines had lateral teeth on the both sides and the distribution rangers were throughout the entire length of the spine, four-fifth, three-fourth, one-third or one half. Pulex irritans has similar character: the spines being broad, long and strongly sclerotized and the distribution of the teeth rangers four-fifth. The results suggested that these structures of proventriculus be an important meaning of plague transmission vector.