中子辐射致骨髓损伤及治疗研究进展

中子相对生物效应较高,能对机体产生十分严重的损伤.骨髓是中子辐射高度敏感的器官,低剂量中子照射即可对骨髓造成严重的辐射损伤,产生骨髓型急性放射病,出现外周血血象改变、造血细胞和骨髓基质细胞损伤等一系列改变.中子辐射致骨髓损伤治疗的难度大,以综合对症治疗为基础,细胞因子的适时应用及对极重度中子骨髓型放射病则实施造血干细胞移植.

Advances on the injury effects and therapy of bone marrow induced by neutron radiation

The relative biological effect of neutroll is high. Therefore, neutron radiation injures body quite seriously. Bone marrow is the most sensitive organ to neutron radiation. Low-dose neutron can injure bone marrow badly and lead to bone marrow form acute radiation sickness. There are a series of lesions in hematopoiesis system, such as peripheral blood hemogram change, hematopoietic cell damage and bone marrow stromal cell injury. It is very difficult to cure neutron-induced damage of bone marrow. The primarily curable method is comprehensive symptomatic treatments. Cytokines are used at the fight moment. Hematopoietic stem cell transplant is enforced to cure the very serious bone marrow form acute radiation sickness.