儿童非典型失神发作的脑电图和临床分析

目的 探讨儿童非典型失神发作的神经生理学和临床特点.方法 根据视频脑电图(vedio-EEG,VEEG)特点将21例非典型失神发作儿童分为单纯非典型失神发作组和Lennox-Gastaut综合征组,对二组儿童分别行VEEG检查、智商测定,并结合l临床特点进行综合分析.结论 21例患儿VEEG发作间期慢的背景活动19例(90.5%),发作期表现为慢的棘慢波放电18例(85.7%).二组儿童智商分值低于正常儿童,存在学习障碍,并且Lennox-Gastaut综合征组儿童智力损害更重,两组间比较有显著性差异(P<0.05).结论非典型失神发作儿童存骀在着严重的智力损害,这种发作类型与Lennox-Gastaut综合征高度相关,但也可能存在于目前还不了解的疾病谱中,儿童早期广泛性的脑损伤可能是导致非典型失神发作或合并其他类型发作的原因.

Analysis of clinical and electroencephalogram associated with atypical absence seizures in children

Objective To explore the clinical and electrophysiological features of atypical absence seizure in children. Methods According to vedio-EEG (VEEG), twenty-one children with atypical absence seizures were divided into 2 groups: only atypical absence seizures and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, their EEG and intelligence quotient were acquired, and their clinic conditions were analyzed. Results Among 21 children, 19 cases showed slower background rhythms (90. 5% ) and 18 cases showed ictal slower spike-and-wave pattern (85.7% ) in VEEG. The intelligence quotients of both groups were lower than normal children and they all had educational disability. Children with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome were more likely to have severe mental damage( P <0.05). Conclusion Atypical absence seizures have significantly higher rate of mental retardation. Although this seizure type is highly correlated to Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, a range of other unknown clinical situation may be associated with this type. Global cerebral impairment at young may lead to atypical absence seizure in conjunction with other seizure types.