成年犬自体骨骼肌成肌细胞移植于急性心肌梗死区的实验研究

目的观察心肌内和冠状动脉内注射法移植自体骨骼肌成肌细胞于急性心肌梗死区的生长分化特点。方法以改良成年犬骨骼肌成肌细胞培养方法进行细胞分离及扩增。结扎冠状动脉前降支中段,建立急性心肌梗死模型。分为直接注射对照、移植,冠状动脉内注射对照、移植4组,每组5只。不开通冠状动脉,分别向梗死心肌内和梗死相关冠状动脉内注射自体骨骼肌成肌细胞(1·0~1·4×108个)或等量生理盐水。移植4周后通过HE染色、PTH染色、骨骼肌特异性慢肌球蛋白抗体免疫组化染色和透射电镜寻找梗死区内存在新生肌组织的证据并观察其生长特点。结果经心肌内直接注射和冠状动脉内注射移植自体骨骼肌成肌细胞4周后,透射电镜及HE染色下均可在梗死区内找到新生幼稚肌原性细胞存在,PTH染色证实有新生的横纹肌组织形成,骨骼肌特异性慢肌球蛋白抗体免疫组化染色发现有骨骼肌原性的成熟肌组织存在;成肌细胞直接注射组内新生的肌组织排列较为密集,而冠状动脉内成肌细胞注射组内的新生肌组织排列较分散。结论通过心肌内直接注射和经梗死相关冠状动脉注射将自体骨骼肌成肌细胞移植到急性心肌梗死区后均能形成成熟的肌组织,为以骨骼肌成肌细胞进行急性心肌梗死的细胞心肌成形治疗提供了组织学依据。

Growth and differentiation of adult canine autologous skeletal myoblasts after transplanted into acute myocardial infarction region

OBJECTIVE: To study the growth and differentiation of adult canine autologous skeletal myoblasts after being transplanted into acute myocardial infarction (AMI) region by intramyocardium injection (IMI) and intracoronary infusion (ICI). METHODS: Autologous skeletal myoblasts were procured by a modified method. AMI model of adult canine was obtained through left anterior descending branch ligation and was divided into 4 groups (n = 5 for each group). Autologous skeletal myoblasts (1.0 - 1.4 x 10(8) cells) were injected locally into AMI region or infused into infarction-related coronary artery. Specimens were harvested 4 weeks after cellular transplantation for histological study including HE, PTH, immunochemical stain and transmission electromicroscope. RESULTS: In both two transplantation groups, newborn muscle-derived cells, striated muscle tissue and mature skeletal myofibril were demonstrated existing in MI region by electromicroscope, PTH stain or anti-skeletal myosin heavy chain (slow) immunochemical stain, respectively. Newborn striated muscle tissues arranged in order of consistency with host myocardial fibers in two treatment groups. Newborn striated muscle tissue was more inclined to gather in MI region in the local injection group but distracted from each other in the intracoronary infusion group. CONCLUSION: Autologous skeletal myoblasts appears to live and differentiate into mature striated muscle tissue after transplanting into AMI region by IMI or ICI routes.