| 摘 要： | 目的 研究角膜前表面非球面形状,观察传统准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(LASIK)手术组与Q值引导LASIK(Q-LASIK)手术组视觉质量的差异.为个性化屈光手术的改进提供依据.方法 收集2008年10月至2009年4月期间近视眼100眼,均为左眼,分为标准组即无Q值引导LASIK手术组50眼,Q值调整组50眼,对术前、术后3个月6项指标做对照观察(视力和屈光度、对比敏感度,波前像差变化,角膜非球面性和视觉相关生活质量调查表);采用SPSS 12.0统计软件对资料进行分析.结果 LASIK手术前后Q值比较差异有统计学意义(t=31.26,P<0.01);目标Q值引导手术组术后和传统手术组术后3个月视力>5.0相比较, 用χ2检验, 差异无统计学意义(χ2 =0.195,P>0.05);两组术后角膜非球面性Q值均向正值方向发展,但Q值引导手术组低于传统手术组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(t=11.86,P<0.01);球差在两组术后均增高,但Q值引导手术组球差较无Q值引导手术组低,差异有统计学意义(t=21.34,P<0.01);主观评估上像差与对比敏感度上,术后3个月Q值引导手术组暗视下低频和离焦、球差均为负相关;Q值引导手术术后3个月傍晚视力、夜驾驶视力、眩光、夜晚驾驶不适方面优于无Q值引导手术组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.01).结论 传统LASIK手术前后角膜非球面形状的Q值变化明显;Q值引导LASIK术后Q值改变相对较少,能保持角膜相对的长椭圆形,即角膜非球面性,提高视觉质量.提示减少Q值的改变能提高和改善视觉质量.Abstract：Objective To investigate the conformation of cornea asphericity.To observe the difference visual acuity between operation with Q value-guide and traditional LASIK and to provide data for improving individuation refractive surgery. Methods One hundred myopic eyes(all left eyes)were divided into two groups, 50 eyes received operation with Q value-guide LASIK and 50 eyes received traditional LASIK since October 2008 to April 2009. To observe visual acuity,refractive error,contrast sensitivity,wavefront aberration, coraea asphericity and vision quality before and after three months of operation. Using the SPSS 12.0 to analyse the data. Results There were significant difference of Q value before and after no Q value guiding LASIK operation(t=31.26,P<0.01).To compare visual acuit (P>0.05) of after operation for Q value guiding LASIK with no Q value guiding LASIK, There was not statistic difference of visual acuity of two groups(χ2 =0.195,P>0.05);The Q value of two groups was higher after operation, But the Q value guiding operation group was lower than the traditional operation groups,there was statistical difference(t=11.86,P<0.01). The spherical aberration was all increased in two groups,but Q value guiding operation group was lower than the standard group,there was statistical difference(t=21.34,P<0.01). Q value group guiding operation was better than the standard group in halo,in glare,night visual acuity,night driving after operation three months,there was statistical difference(P<0.05, P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.01). Conclusions There are significant differences in Q value after no Q value guide operation;there are less change of Q values after Q value guide operation, it can maintain long-spherical shape of cornea after Q value guide operation, and then raise the visual quality. It indicate that Q value change reduction can enhance and improve the visual quality.
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