小指伸指肌腱的应用解剖学研究

目的:观察小指伸指肌腱的解剖学形态特点,为临床小指伸肌腱转位术后避免小指功能障碍提供解剖学依据.方法:对60只手的小指伸肌腱和支配小指的指伸肌肌腱和腱间结合进行解剖学形态观察并拍照记录.结果:支配小指的指伸肌腱可分为4种类型:独立肌腱型20%(12/60)、独立肌腱加分叉肌腱型26.6%(16/60)、分叉肌腱型,分"y"亚型26%(16/60)和"r"亚型20%(12/60)和肌腱缺如型6.6%(4/60).除肌腱缺如型外,第4、5掌骨间隙均有腱间结合联系小指伸肌腱和环指伸肌腱93.4%(54/60).结论:独立肌腱型和独立肌腱加分叉肌腱型是小指伸指肌腱的常见类型,分叉肌腱型和缺如型是小指伸指肌腱的解剖学形态变异类型.腱重建术是防治肌腱缺如型小指伸肌腱转位术后伸指功能障碍的有效方法.

Apply Anatomy of Extensor of little Finger

Objective: To study the morphological anatomy of little finger extensors to prevent handicapped extension of little finger after extensor digiti minimi tendon transposition.Methods:60 adult hands extensor digiti tendon,extensor digitorum tendon to little finger and the juncotura tendinum were dissected,observed and photographed.Results: Extensor digitorum tendon to little finger can be classified morphologically into 4 types:tendon independent type 20%(12/60),tendon branch-off type with "y" subtype 26.6%(16/60) and "r" subtype 20.0%(12/60),tendon independent and branch-off type 26.6%(16/60) and tendon absent type 6.6%(4/60).Most of the ulnar ship of extensor digitorum tendon to little finger and extensor digiti tendon have intertendinous connections 93.4%(54/60).Conclusion: Tendon independent type or tendon independent and branch-off type are the common types.Branch-off type and absent type are the variation types of extensor digitorum tendon to little finger.Reconstruction of extensor digitorum tendon to little finger are effective methods to prevent or treat handicapped little extension digiti tendon transposition.