数值模拟在民航飞行宇宙辐射防护中的应用研究

目的 研究简便可行的民航飞行人员所受宇宙辐射有效剂量的估算工具。方法用欧洲飞行航程剂量计算程序EPCARD计算民航飞行航程中的有效剂量和剂量率，计算结果与有关文献实测的数据进行对比分析。结果计算机估算系统计算的数据在多数航线上与实测数据较吻合，但实测数据由于实施人员不同、仪器不同及估算方法的差别，对同一时期同一条航线，实测结果差别较大。结论在飞行高度用简便的个人剂量计测定宇宙辐射的各种成分目前还相当困难。宇宙辐射有效剂量不能直接测量获得，而必须用计算的方法或是从接近实际剂量值的测量数据转换而来，因此计算机模拟系统是最简便实用的宇宙辐射有效剂量估算工具。

An application research of the computer simulation for cosmic radiation protection at civil flying altitude

Objective To explore a practicable process to estimate the cosmic radiation exposure doses to aircrews of civil aviation at flying altitude. Methods The effectives dose and effective dose rates of several flight routes were obtained by using European Computer Program Package for Calculation of Aviation Route Dases.EPCARD. The colculated results were discussed and compared with the experimental data. Results The calculated results were in good agreement with the measured results for a number of routes,but there were many disagreements among the measured results due to different experimenters,different instruments or different calculaion methods. Conclusion Because it is still quite difficult to measure all radiation components at flying altitudes with convenient personnel dosimeters,the effective dose is not directly measurable and either has to be fully calculated or be converted from measurements that represent an initial approximation to actual doses,and the computer estimation system is a practicable tool for calculation of cosmic radiation effective dose.;