以药效为指导的大黄提取工艺质量控制策略研究

慢性便秘是一种高发疾病，严重危害人类健康。大黄用于治疗便秘十分有效。其主要成分有大黄游离蒽醌、结合蒽醌、大黄鞣质和大黄多糖，然而哪种成分才是大黄治疗便秘的有效成分却不清楚。本研究提出一种以疾病为基础、以药效为指导的中药有效成分研究方法来进行中药质量控制。首先建立大鼠便秘模型，进行大黄药效成分筛选，进行不同产地药材质量考察，筛选最适产区。并在此基础上，进行大黄提取工艺优化。研究发现，大黄治疗便秘的有效成分是大黄结合蒽醌。与四川平武、北川大黄相比，凉山大黄质量较优。提取工艺为10.34倍乙醇，提取24.25 min，共4次。其最大提取量为5.455 mg·g-1。本研究可为大黄提取工艺质量控制提供参考。

Strategy for Optimizing Effect-Guided Extraction Processes for Quality Control of Rhubarb

Chronic constipation is a highly debilitating condition, affecting a significant proportion of the community. Rhei Radix et Rhizoma (rhubarb) is one of the important herbal drugs used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for treating constipation which includes four groups of main active components such as free anthraquinone, conjunctive anthraquinone, rhubarb tannin, and rhubarb polysaccharides. However, which one is response for the laxative effect of rhubarb is unknown. Therefore, we proposed a strategy for the effect-guided quality control of TCM based on disease. The effective material for laxative effect of rhubarb was firstly screened based on the constipation model. And different production locations were investigated. Then, the processing was optimized to set up a quality control of rhubarb. It was found that the bioactive component was the conjunctive anthraquinone for the laxative effect. And the raw herb from Liangshan had the best quality compared with those from Pingwu and Beichuan in Sichuan Province, China. The extraction ethanol volumes to substrate ratio of 10.34, extraction time of 24.25 min and extraction number of 4 were the best conditions for the extraction of conjunctive anthraquinone. Under the optimized conditions, the maximum production was 5.455 mg·g-1. This extraction procedure was used as quality control of rhubarb in the treatment of constipation.