表皮样囊肿声像图特点与病理改变的关系

目的探讨表皮样囊肿的超声成像特点与病理组织学的关系。方法回顾分析21例经手术病理检查证实的表皮样囊肿的不同超声图像特征及其与病理改变的关系。结果21例表皮样囊肿患者基本具有3种超声特征表现:(1)肿块内部回声均质型(17例):病理改变为囊肿内部角质上皮相对偏少,呈层状分布;(2)肿块内部回声不均质型(3例):病理显示囊壁有破裂,囊内角质上皮、坏死鳞状上皮紊乱分布,并有纤维化、钙化等多种表现;(3)肿块内部回声呈强弱相间的螺纹征型(1例):病理显示呈同心圆层状分布的致密角质层和坏死鳞状上皮细胞。结论表皮样囊肿具有较典型的超声表现,其声像图特征与不同病理组织学改变相对应。内部回声均质是表皮样囊肿最常见的声像图特征。

Epidermoid cysts:sonographic appearance and its correlation with histologic changes

Objective To investigate the various color Doppler imaging of epidermoid cysts and its correlation with histopathologic changes.Methods Sonographic and histologic features of 21 epidermoid cysts were confirmed by pathology and operation respectively.Results There were 3 different sonographic patterns of epidermoid cysts:(1)A solid mass with homogenous echo corresponded histologically to less eponychium which distributed lamellarly.(2)A heterogeneous solid mass with uncomplete cystic wall associated indiscriminate eponychium and necrotic pavement-epithelium,which represented fibrous degeneration,calcification and so on.(3)Whorled or onion ring appearance with rings of hyperechogenicity and hypoechogenicity which corresponded to the alternating layers of compacted keratin and desquamate squamous cells in pathology.Conclusion Epidermoid cysts have the various sonographic appearances corresponding to different histologic changes,and the homogenous pattern is the typical sonographic findings.