补充酸奶对北京郊区学前儿童体格生长的影响

目的: 观察补充酸奶对3~5岁学前儿童体格发育和营养状况的影响。 方法: 选择北京郊区7所幼儿园的402名学龄前儿童(男217人,女185人),其身高和/或体重低于WHO推荐标准的均值。随机分为对照组和酸奶组,酸奶组每天补充1杯酸奶(125 g),每周补充5 d;对照组不补充;两组均保持正常饮食,持续9个月。每月测量儿童的身高、体重和上臂围,并记录儿童补充和出勤的情况;每3个月进行膳食调查和血生化指标检测。 结果: 酸奶组儿童膳食中钙、锌和维生素A的摄入水平较对照组明显提高,且补充9个月时血红蛋白(Hb)明显高于对照组。酸奶组儿童的身高在3 、6 和9个月内的增长值(1.90、3.83、5.43 cm)比对照组显著提高(1.77、3.64、5.24 cm),也高于WHO推荐的50 个月龄儿童参考标准。酸奶组儿童的体重在3、6和9个月内的增长值(0.70、0.98、1.42 kg)比对照组显著提高(0.49、0.80、1.20 kg),并与WHO推荐的50 个月龄儿童参考标准持平。结论: 3~5岁学龄前儿童补充9个月酸奶后,可以明显改善机体营养状况,增加体格生长速率。

THE INFLUENCE OF YOGHURT SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE GROWTH RATE OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN IN BEIJING SUBURB

Objective: To observe the effect of yoghurt supplementation on the growth rate of preschool children in Beijing suburb. Methods: 402 healthy children (217 males, 185 females), aged 3-5 years old, were selected as subjects with height and/or weight less than WHO standard from 7 kindergartens in Beijing suburb. The children were divided randomly into control group (CG 201) and yoghurt supplemented group (YG 201). Children in YG were supplemented with yoghurt (125g) for 5d per week for 9 mo, and children in CG not supplemented. Height, weight and upper-arm circumference were measured every month. Blood biochemical parameters (Hb,TP) were detected every 3 mo. Results: Calcium, zinc and VB2 were consumed more in YG than CG. Hb in YG was also higher than CG . The height incease and weight gain of YG was significantly higher than CG during 3, 6 and 9mo. Conclusion: Yoghurt supplementation for 9 months can increase calcium, zinc and VB2 intake, and improve preschool childrens nutritional status, therefore increase their height increase and weight gain.