妊娠期糖尿病巨大儿150例临床观察

目的观察并探讨妊娠期糖尿病巨大儿发生情况及母婴妊娠结局。方法选取我院2010年10月至2012年10月分娩巨大儿产妇150例,设为观察组,以同期分娩正常胎儿产妇200例,设为对照组,比较两组产妇基本情况、分娩情况、并发症及胎儿妊娠结局等。结果观察组产妇产次、孕周、孕期增重及孕期增加BMI均明显高于对照组,组间比较差异显著(P<0.05);两组产妇新生儿产伤、妊娠期高血压综合征、胎膜早破、羊水异常及产后出血发生率比较差异显著(P<0.05);观察组胎儿宫内窘迫、低血糖、新生儿肺炎、高胆红素血症及死亡发生率均明显高于对照组,组间比较差异显著(P<0.05)。结论对于妊娠期糖尿病产妇应当控制饮食及孕期体质量,以降低巨大儿发生风险,改善母婴妊娠结局。

Clinical Analysis of 150 Cases of Macrosomia in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellituse

Objective To observe and investigate the occurrence o f macrosomia in women with gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM） and the maternofetal, outcomes. Methods 150 pregnant women with macrosomias were chose in the period from October 2010 to October 2012 in our hospital for observation group and 200 pregnant women without macrosomias at the same time for control group; and the basic situation, childbirth complications and fetal pregnancy outcomes of both groups were compared. Results The gestational age, the number of accouchement, weight gain and BMI gain of observation group were significantly higher than control group（P〈0.05）. There was significant differences in the incidence of birth canal injury, amniotic fluid abnormalities, pregnancy-induced hypertension, premature rupture of membranes and postpartum hemorrhage between control group and observation group（P〉0.05）. The incidence of fetal distress, low blood sugar levels, neonatal pneumonia, hyperbilirubinemia and mortality of observation group were significantly higher than control group（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus should be controlled Gestational age and weight gain during pregnancy to reduce the risk of macrosomias and improve matemofetai outcomes.