新疆哈萨克族7～18岁青少年身体形态指标研究

目的]了解新疆哈萨克族青少年身体形态的变化规律、发展趋势、同一性别不同年龄段城乡间存在的差异及其原因,为提高哈萨克族青少年健康水平提供客观依据。方法]对新疆伊犁哈萨克自治州及阿勒泰的3106名哈萨克族青少年按照国家相关规定的方法、标准进行测试、统计与分析。结果]同一年龄段哈萨克族青少年城男、城女在身高指标上总体优于乡男、乡女,并且城市女生总体上高于乡村女生1～3cm。体重指标与身高相似,城市高于农村,不同年龄段存在着统计学差异(P﹤0.05)或(P﹤0.01),并且女生在9岁、男生在11岁出现最大差异,女生为2.64kg,男生为4.39kg。胸围指标城市与乡村学生除个别年龄段存在统计学差异外,大多年龄段不具有统计学差异。腰围指标多数年龄段存在着不同程度的统计学差异(P﹤0.05)或(P﹤0.01),男女最大差异分别出现在11岁时的8.94cm和12岁时的8.01cm。臀围指标城乡男女在12岁前个别年龄段有一定差异外,其他年龄段没有统计学差异。结论]通过测试结果分析得出,必须高度重视哈萨克族青少年城乡间身体形态指标的差异,进一步加强学校体育工作,确保学生每天锻炼1h,保证课间操的质量,改变生活方式,缩小城乡之间的差异,进一步提高哈萨克族青少年的健康水平。

NORM ANALYSIS OF PHYSICAL SHAPE ON KAZAK ADOLESCENTS AGED 7-18 IN XINJIANG

Objective]To reveal the physical shape changing laws,the developing tendency,the differences between city and country Kazak adolescents and its causes,which provide some objective basis for promoting Kazak adolescents the health level.Methods]3106 Kazak adolescents were collected and their data were analyzed by the ways and standards which are set by country.Results]The height indicator of the same age kazak male and female teenagers in cities was superior to male and females in township and villages.The girls in cities was significantly higher than that of rural girl by 1-3cm.Body mass index and the height similar,city overflowed the countryside,different age paragraph showed statistically significant(P﹤ 0.05)or(P﹤0.01),showed significant difference in girls at the age of nine years old,and the boy at the age of 11 years old.The weight of girls were 2.64 kg,and 4.39 kg for boys.The bust index of cities and villages students did not showed significant difference in mostly age group.Waistline index most age had the different statistical significance(P﹤0.05)or(P﹤ 0.01).The biggest difference in men and women appeared in 11 and 12 years old with 8.94 cm and 8.01 cm.Conclusion]Through testing,we should pay attention to the kazak adolescents between the city and countryside body configuration index difference,further strengthening school sports work to ensure the students exercising one hour a day,ensure the quality of the lesson hold,lifestyle changes,narrowing the difference between,further improve the health level of kazak teenagers.