青海省包虫病住院病例回顾调查

目的]1专题追溯年既往包虫病在青海省人群中的患病情况、诊治方法及包虫病人对各级医疗服务设施的利用状况。2建立和完善青海省包虫病防治临床资料历史数据库,填补包虫病诊治历史资料空白,为制定防治措施,综合评价防治效果提供基础资料和借鉴。方法]收集整理青海省县级以上45所医院既往包虫病病案资料。所有资料录入"EpiInfo6"流行病学统计软件,建立"青海省包虫病住院病例回顾调查数据库",进行资料的统计处理分析。结果]青海省包虫病住院病例数从1959～1968年间的平均每年21.70例增加到1989～1998年间的平均每年292.00例;大部分病例来自青海牧区包虫病流行县。1岁幼童即有发病住院者,住院病例年龄分布多在青壮年年龄组(χ2=25.34,P﹤0.005);病例的民族、职业构成分别以藏族(占70.04%)、牧民(占61.56%,χ2=65.01,P﹤0.005)为高,女性病例构成显著高于男性(χ2=15.64,P﹤0.005)。包虫囊肿多寄生于肝(占76.70%)、肺(占6.95%),但在直肠、肾上腺等罕见部位也有寄生。治疗方法以单纯手术为主,688例患者因包虫病接受了2次以上手术;有部分病例诊而未治。结论]包虫病病例一直以来广泛分布于青海省各地区各民族不同年龄人群中,以世代聚居于青海牧区的藏族牧民患病为重。人民群众对基层医疗服务设施的利用情况有待提高,包虫病是严重危害青海各族人民健康和牧区社会经济发展的主要人兽共患寄生虫病。

RETROSPECTIVE INVESTIGATION ON IN-PATIENTS OF HYDATID DISEASE IN QINGHAI PROVINCE

Objective]1 To specially trace back historical prevalence,therapy method of hydatid disease and utilization of all levels of medical services and facilities in patients of hydatid disease.2 To establish and improve the historical data of clinical material of hydatid disease prevention and control,to fill in historical material blank,provide basic data for evaluation effect of prevention and control.Methods]We collected record data of hydatid disease from 45 county-and over-hospitals from 1989 to 1998.All data were analyzed by Epi Info6 statistics software of epidemiology.Results]The average number of hospitalized patients was increased from 21.70 in 1959-1968 to 292.00 in 1989-1998;most of cases came from epidemiological counties of hydatid disease.There were also hospitalized cases only 1 year old,the group of young adults was more than others groups(χ2 = 25.34,P﹤0.005);the constituent ratio of nation,occupation was Tibetan(70.04%),herdsmen(61.56%,χ2 = 65.01,P﹤0.005)and that of female patients were higher than that of man(χ2 = 15.64,P﹤0.005).Most of hydatid cyst were parasitized in liver(76.70%)and lung(6.95%).Some rare position also had hydatid cyst,such as adrenal rectum.688 cases of hydatid disease accepted operation therapy twice and above.Some patients were diagnosed with hydatid disease but without therapy.Conclusion]Hydatid disease is distributed in all ethnic groups in different age groups,the most serious prevalence is found in Tibetan herdsmen who lived in Qinghai pastoral area.The utilization of basic medical services and facilities need be increased.Hydatid disease is a zoonosis that influences on people’s health and economic development.