老年冠心病及其高危患者生活方式干预的效果

目的对老年冠心病及其高危患者进行生活方式干预,观察干预对象的生活方式、血脂水平变化情况以及心脑血管事件发生情况。方法选取2002年6月至2006年12月接受强化生活方式干预,且基线TC水平未达标的军队老年冠心病及其高危患者232例,作为观察组;同期从未进行生活方式干预的干休所中选取冠心病及其高危患者221例,作为对照组。结果与对照组比较,生活方式干预结束时,观察组控制饮食者提高了34.14%(P<0.01),体质量指数(BMI)均值减少了0.78 kg/m2(P<0.01),饮酒者减少了5.76%(P<0.05);总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)分别下降了10.54%、10.89%(P<0.01),高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C)高3.21%(P<0.05);缺血性脑卒中危险性降低了13.79%,心肌梗死、不稳定性心绞痛危险性降低了18.90%(P>0.05)。结论强化生活方式干预能显著降低老年冠心病及其高危患者的血脂水平,减少心脑血管事件的发生。

The Effect of lifestyle intervention on coronary heart disease and high-risk patients in the elderly

Objective To study the effect of lifestyle intervention on coronary heart disease （CHD）and high-risk patients in the elderly and analyse the changes of lifestyle, cholesterol level and incident of the cardiovascular diseases. Methods According to the Chinese Guideline on Prevention and Treatment of Dyslipidemia in 1997 publication ,232 CHD or high-risk patients whose cholesterol level were not within the target were recruited into the study of lifestyle intervention in retired elderly officers as the lifestyle intervention group. In the same time ,221 CHD patients or risk factors patients without having undergone lifestyle intervention were recruited as the control group. Results Compared with the control group ,the rate of control dietary increased by 34.14% （P 〈 0.01 ）, body mass index（BMI） was reduced by 0.78kg/m2 （ P 〈 0.01 ）, the rate of drinking reduced by 5.76% （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; levels of TC, LDL-C reduced by 10.54% and 10.89% （ P 〈 0.01 ）, respectively, HDL-C increased by 3.21% （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; the relative risk of incident ischemie stroke and cardiovascular events reduced by 13.79 % and 18.9 % （ P 〉 0.05 ）, respectively. Conclusion The lifestyle intervention on CHD or high-risk patients in elderly can reduce the level of cholesterol and the incident of cardiovascular disease.