骨髓间充质干细胞定向分化为心脏瓣膜构成细胞及鉴定

背景：心脏瓣膜的组成成分中不是只有内皮细胞发挥作用，成纤维细胞、平滑肌细胞等均参与心脏瓣膜基质成分构建。 目的：建立可以在体外获得大量内皮细胞、平滑肌细胞、成纤维细胞的简便方法，并对获得细胞进行形态观察及表面标志鉴定。 方法：全髓贴壁法获取大鼠原代骨髓间充质干细胞，体外培养、扩增，第3代细胞在特定条件下分别向内皮细胞、血管平滑肌细胞、成纤维细胞方向诱导分化，每日于倒置显微镜下观察细胞生长情况，并对诱导分化的细胞行免疫细胞化学检测。 结果与结论：骨髓间充质干细胞在特定条件下诱导培养后，诱导后的细胞分别具有内皮细胞、平滑肌细胞和成纤维细胞的特点。提示骨髓间充质干细胞在体外可以定向分化为内皮细胞、平滑肌细胞、成纤维细胞。

Directional differentiation and identification of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into structural cells for heart valves

BACKGROUND: In the component of cardiac valve, not only endothelial cells exert effects, but also fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells participate in the construction of matrix of cardiac valve. OBJECTIVE: To establish a simple method for obtaining large quantity of endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts in vitro, and identify the morphology and surface markers of the obtained cells. METHODS: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were isolated from rats by whole bone marrow culture method, then cultured in vitro, and proliferated. The third passage of BMSCs was treated in special induction medium for differentiation into endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts. The cells were detected under an inverted microscope to examine the cell morphology every day, and then the differentiated cells were measured by immunocytochemistry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The cells induced from BMSCs had the characteristics of endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts. Results have indicated that BMSCs could be directionally differentiated into endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts in vitro.