芥子及莱菔子饮片炮制前后物质基础变化规律分析

目的:建立芥子、莱菔子炒制前后以及芥子不同品种饮片的UPLC图谱,分析3种中药饮片炒制前后化学成分的变化规律。方法:采用UPLC,ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×50 mm,1.8μm),流动相乙腈(A)-含0.08 mol·L-1甲酸铵的0.1%甲酸水溶液(B)梯度洗脱(0~5 min,5%~20%A;5~7 min,20%A;7~25 min,20%~25%A;25~30 min,25%~90%A),柱温35℃,进样量10μL,流速0.3 m L·min-1,检测波长254 nm。结果:白芥子与炒白芥子饮片共检出7个共有峰,白芥子炒制后主要色谱峰的峰面积发生显著变化,新生成1个色谱峰a,但其原有色谱峰8~10均消失。黄芥子生品与炒制品有10个共有峰,黄芥子炒制后部分色谱峰的峰面积显著降低,色谱峰11几乎消失。莱菔子与炒莱菔子有6个共有峰,莱菔子炒制后主要色谱峰的峰面积变化显著,色谱峰a消失,新生成2个色谱峰。通过比较白芥子、黄芥子和莱菔子的UPLC图谱,发现3种中药饮片中均归属出其共性成分芥子碱硫氰酸盐,但在主要色谱峰峰面积及数量方面存在显著差异。结论:UPLC建立芥子不同品种及莱菔子生、炒饮片的图谱能全面反映出饮片的物质基础内涵以及炮制前后物质基础的变化规律,为揭示这3种中药饮片炮制原理和进一步诠释含硫代葡萄糖苷类中药饮片炒制共性原理的科学内涵提供实验依据。

Analysis on Change Law of Material Basis of Sinapis Semen and Raphani Semen Before and After Processing

Objective: To establish UPLC chromatograms of different botanical origins of Sinapis Semen and Raphani Semen before and after being processed,and to study on the change law of chemical composition in three kinds of Chinese herbal pieces before and after being processed. Method: UPLC was used with ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C₁₈ column,acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid solution containing 0.08 mol · L^-1 ammonium formate was employed as a mobile phase in gradient elution,detection wavelength was 254 nm and flow rate was 0.3 mL · min^-1. Result: Seven common peaks were observed in the raw and stir-fired decoction pieces of Sinapis alba,the area of main peaks of S. alba was significantly changed after being fried,and a new peak a was generated,but the original peak 8-10 disappeared.There were ten common peaks in Brassica juncea and its stir-fried product,and the area of some peaks of B. juncea was significantly reduced after being processed,and the peak 11 almost disappeared.There are six common peaks in the raw and stir-fired decoction pieces of Raphani Semen,and the area of main peaks of Raphani Semen was significant changed after being processed,and the peak a disappeared,and 2 new peaks were formed.By analyzing UPLC chromatograms of Sinapis Semen and Raphani Semen,all these three Chinese medicine decoction pieces belonged to sinapine thiocyanate,but there were significant differences in area and number of main peaks. Conclusion: UPLC chromatograms of Sinapis Semen and Raphani Semen can comprehensively reflect the material basis of decoction pieces,as well as their change law before and after processing,it provides experimental basis to reveal processing principle of the three Chinese medicine decoction pieces,and to further interpret the scientific connotation of processing generic principles of Chinese medicine decoction pieces containing glucosinolates.