脑卒中患者医院感染调查分析及护理对策

目的为了解脑卒中患者医院感染的发生和易感因素,有针对性地采取预防措施. 方法调查2001年1月～2002年12月,收住的202例脑卒中患者的医院感染,并设对照组进行对照分析. 结果发生医院感染34例、42例次,感染率为16.83%,例次感染率为20.79%;感染部位以下呼吸道和泌尿道感染最常见,构成比分别为38.1%、30.95%,感染组、非感染组在应用抗生素、侵入性操作、年龄、住院天数比较,两组均存在着显著性差异.结论脑卒中患者医院感染发生率明显高于我院两年平均医院感染率4.03%,明显高于卫生部医院感染管理规范中医院感染发生率应在3%～8%的规定范围,脑卒中患者是医院感染的高危人群,应成为重点防护对象.

Infections among Stroke Patients:Inhospital Clinical Investigation and Corresponding Nursing Strategy

OBJECTIVE To investigate the casuality of hospital infections among stroke patients and clarify their significant leading factors so as to devise and implement preventive strategy. METHODS A total of 202 hospitalized stroke patients within the time period from Jan 2001 to Dec 2002 have been investigated on their infections occurred during their hospitalization. Data collected were compared with those from control group. RESULTS Thirty three stroke patients were infected, with totally 42 times of infection occurrence during hospitalization. The infection rates were 16.83% and 20.79%, respectively. The most vulnerable sites are lower respiratory tract and the urinary tract, with corresponding frequency of 38.1% and 30.95%. There were significant differences between infection group and control one at the applications of antibiotic, the invasive operations, age of patients, and the days of hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS The infection rate associated with hospitalized stroke patients is significantly higher than the average infection rate of 4.03% in hospitalized patients of our hospital investigated in recent 2 years, it is also notably higher than the acceptable figure specified in Rules and Regulations for Preventing Infection During Hospitalization which stipulates that the infection rate in hospitalization must be controlled below 3-8%. Stroke patients are the most vulnerable to infection during hospitalization. Consequently they are the key patients requiring well attentions from nursing professionals with strengthened responsibilities.