干眼检查方法的研究进展

干眼是以泪膜稳态失衡为主要特征并伴有眼部不适症状的多因素眼表疾病。近年来，干眼的发病率逐年增多，有关干眼的诊断与治疗也在不断地发展、创新，但由于传统检查方法存在相应的弊端而新型检查方法尚缺乏大量的临床试验研究，目前干眼的诊疗仍缺乏一套统一的“金标准”。本文对国内外有关干眼的不同检查方法的文献进行了广泛搜索，包括有前景的检查工具和技术的最新进展及其存在的争议，从而通过泪液量、泪膜的性质、眼睑及睑板腺和眼表上皮细胞损害程度的检查等方面做一综述，为干眼的诊断和治疗提供参考。

Advances in the study of examination methods for dry eye

Dry eye is a multifactorial disease of the ocular surface characterized by a loss of homeostasis of the tear film, and accompanied by ocular symptoms. In recent years, the incidence of dry eye has been increasing year by year, and the diagnosis and treatment of dry eye are constantly evolving and innovating. However, due to the corresponding drawbacks of traditional examination methods and the lack of a large number of clinical trial studies on new examination methods, there is still no unified standard for the diagnosis and treatment of dry eye. In this review, we have performed a broad search for articles discussing different examination methods for dry eye, including promising diagnostic tools and technique, the latest advances, and contradictions, in order to provide a review of dry eye examination methods including the tear volume, the tear film, the eyelid and meibomian gland, and the degree of damage to the epithelial cells of the ocular surface, and provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of dry eye.