The evolving role of coronary computed tomography in understanding sex differences in coronary atherosclerosis |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA;2. Department of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA;3. Medstar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA;4. Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA;5. Center for Outcomes Research, Division of Cardiology, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX, USA;6. Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA;7. Department of Population Health Science, Blavatnik Women''s Health Research Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, NY, USA;1. Department of Medicine, George Washington School of Medicine and Health Science, Washington, DC, USA;2. Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA;1. Department of Medicine, West Virginia University School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Dr, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA;2. Department of Cardiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Dr, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA;1. Dalio Institute of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital and Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA;2. Department of Radiology, Ain Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt;3. Department of Pathology, CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD, USA;4. Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, Baltimore, MD, USA;5. Cleerly, Inc, New York, NY, USA;6. Department of Radiology, George Washington University School of Medicine, USA;1. Department of Imaging (Division of Nuclear Medicine), Medicine, and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA;2. BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | Our understanding of sex differences in subclinical atherosclerosis and plaque composition and characteristics have greatly improved with the use of coronary computed tomography (CCTA) over the past years. CCTA has emerged as an important frontline diagnostic test for women, especially as we continue to understand the impact of non-obstructive atherosclerosis as well as diffuse, high risk plaque as precursors of acute cardiac events in women.Based on its ability to identify complex plaque morphology such as low attenuation plaque, high risk non calcified plaque, positive remodeling, fibrous cap, CCTA can be used to assess plaque characteristics. CCTA can avoid false positive of other imaging studies, if included earlier in assessment of ischemic symptoms. In the contemporary clinical setting, CCTA will prove useful in further understanding and managing cardiovascular disease in women and those without traditional obstructive coronary disease. |
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| Keywords: | Women Sex Atherosclerosis Cardiovascular disease Ischemic heart disease Sex disparities And cardiac computed tomography |
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