Cortical projections arising from the basal forebrain: a study of cholinergic and noncholinergic components employing combined retrograde tracing and immunohistochemical localization of choline acetyltransferase |
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Authors: | D B Rye B H Wainer M M Mesulam E J Mufson C B Saper |
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Affiliation: | 1. The Departments of Pathology and Pediatrics and the Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. Mental Retardation Research Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A.;2. Bullard and Denny-Brown Laboratories and the Behavioural Neurology Section of the Harvard Neurology Department and the Charles A. Dana Research Institute of Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, U.S.A.;3. The Departments of Neurology and Neurological Surgery, Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, U.S.A. |
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Abstract: | The neurochemical identity of ascending putative cholinergic pathways from the rat basal forebrain was investigated employing a method for simultaneously visualizing choline acetyltransferase immunoreactivity and retrogradely transported horseradish peroxidase-conjugated wheatgerm agglutinin. This histochemical procedure revealed three distinct populations of neurons: (1) cells which stained only for choline acetyltransferase immunoreactivity; (2) cells which stained only for retrograde tracer and (3) cells which stained simultaneously for choline acetyltransferase immunoreactivity and retrograde tracer. The results demonstrated that this projection is topographically organized and consists of both cholinergic and noncholinergic components. The relative contribution of each component varied with the telencephalic target area as follows: the olfactory bulb receives a projection from cells of the horizontal limb nucleus, 10-20% of which are cholinergic (Ch3); the hippocampal formation receives afferents from cells of the medial septal and vertical limb nuclei, 35-45% of which are cholinergic (Ch1 and Ch2); and the cortical mantle receives afferents primarily from cells within the substantia innominata-nucleus basalis complex, 80-90% of which are cholinergic (Ch4). The topographical organization of Ch4 projections is not as completely differentiated as we have previously observed in the primate. |
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Keywords: | AChE acetylcholinesterase ChAT choline acetyltransferase HDBB nucleus of the horizontal VDBB vertical limb of the diagonal band HRP-WGA horseradish peroxidase-conjugated wheatgerm agglutinin MS medial septal nucleus SI-NB substantia innominata-nucleus basalis complex |
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