汶川大地震灾区儿童青少年的地震经历与抑郁情绪

目的：本研究分析了5·12汶川大地震后4周灾区8-16岁儿童青少年的抑郁情绪及其影响因素。方法：在地震发生后4周，使用儿童自评的抑郁障碍自评量表（DSRSC），调查了1923名来自于地震灾区和受地震影响地区儿童青少年的情绪状况。结果：1923名儿童青少年中DSRSC总分大于或等于划界分者572人，占总人数的29．7％。直接受地震灾害累及地区的儿童青少年抑郁得分高于受地震影响地区儿童青少年；女性儿童青少年的抑郁得分高于男性；地震灾区儿童青少年的DSRSC总分与年龄，震后被转移至安全地点的时间，家人、老师／同学在地震中的情况呈正相关。结论：汶川大地震对儿童青少年的情绪状况具有影响。地震后，儿童青少年的情绪状况还受到性别、年龄等因素的影响。

Experience and Depression of Children and Adolescents in Wenchuan Earthquake

Objective：To analyse the emotional problems and their influential factors of 8 to 16-year-old children and adolescents from the 5·12 Wenchuan earthquake stricken areas. Methods：In four weeks after the earthquake occurred, using the Depression Self-rating Scale for Children （DSRSC）, we investigated 1923 children and adolescents who were from both earthquake stricken areas and areas affected by the earthquake. Results：Five hundred and seventy two children and adolescents＇ DSRSC scores are not less than the demarcation points,accounting for 29.7% of the total. The de- pression scores of children and adolescents from earthquake-stricken areas are higher than those of children and adoles- cents from areas affected by the earthquake; In earthquake-stricken areas, female children and adolescents’ depression scores are higher than male ;In earthquake stricken areas,children and adolescents ’ DSRSC scores are positively correla ted with age, the time being transferred from disaster areas to the safe locations, the situation of family members, teachers or classmates in the earthquake. Conclusion： Wenchuan earthquake impact on emotional situation of children and ado lescents from earthquake-stricken areas. After the earthquake,children and adolescents~ emotional circumstances are also affected by the gender,age and other factors.