药物神经毒性评价体外模型的研究进展

神经毒性是药物安全性评价的重要方面。体外模型相比较体内动物实验在药物高通量筛选、分子机制研究、检测分析技术应用上具有显著优势。至今，研究和评价药物神经毒性的体外模型主要包括原代神经细胞培养、神经细胞系培养、诱导神经干细胞分化模型，三维细胞培养模型等。这些体外模型的复杂程度、对药物的敏感性及检测方法不尽相同。概述各种神经毒性体外模型的应用领域及研究进展，提出了神经毒性体外评价模型研究应用中存在的问题及今后的发展方向。

Research progress on in vitro models for evaluating drug-induced neurotoxicity

Neurotoxicity assessment represents an important aspect of drug safety evaluation. In vitro models compared with in vivo animal experiments have several significant advantages in high-throughput drug screening, molecular mechanism research, application of detection and analysis technology. Up to now, the in vitro models for studying and evaluating drug-induced neurotoxicity mainly include primary neural cell culture, neuronal cell line culture, induced neural stem cell differentiation model, three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models, etc. These in vitro models are different in complexity, sensitivity to drugs, and detection methods. In this paper, we summarized the application fields and research progress of various in vitro models for evaluating neurotoxicity, and put forward the problems and future development directions in the research and application of in vitro models of neurotoxicity evaluation.