Quantifying acromiohumeral distance in elite male field hockey players compared to a non-athletic population |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium;2. Occupational Therapy Department, Artevelde University College, Ghent, Belgium;3. AZ Monica, Antwerp, Belgium;4. Kineworks, Turnhout, Belgium;1. Center for Assistance, Teaching and Research in Pulmonary Rehabilitation (NuReab), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil;2. Human Movement Sciences Graduate Program, Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Esporte (CEFID), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil;3. Physical Therapy Graduate Program, Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Esporte (CEFID), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil;1. College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Australia;2. Murdoch Applied Sports Science Laboratory, Murdoch University, Australia;3. Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick, Canada;1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea;2. Global Center for Shoulder & Elbow, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Konkuk University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea;3. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical College, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea;4. Department of Radiology, Konkuk University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea;5. Gem Fitness, Seoul, South Korea;1. Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany;2. Department for Othopedics, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK;3. Department for Clinical Studies, Centre for Clinical Studies, University Medical Centre Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany;4. Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany;1. Department of Public Health, Section of Sport Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark;2. Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark;3. Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway;4. Div. of Sportstraumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark;5. School of Psychology and Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia;6. Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada;7. VIA University College, Aarhus, Denmark;8. Sport Medicine Clinic, Orthopaedic Dep. Hospital of Lillebaelt, Institute of Regional Health Service Research and Centre for Research in Childhood Health, IOB, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundShoulders of elite field hockey players are loaded continuously during play. Frequent high shoulder loading is known to influence certain shoulder variables, such as acromiohumeral distance. However, the influence of elite field hockey play on acromiohumeral distance is not examined yet.ObjectiveTo examine the acromiohumeral distance in elite male field hockey players compared to a non-athletic control group.DesignCross-sectional study.MethodsFifty male participants were included; 25 elite field hockey players (age: 24.0 ± 2.72 years; weight: 77.2 ± 5.29 kg; height; 180.5 ± 5.37 cm) and 25 age- and gender matched non-athletes (23.0 ± 2.29 years; weight: 75.7 ± 9.53 kg; height: 181.8 ± 5.52 cm). A Telemed-Colormaster-128 EXT-IZ device was used to bilaterally obtain ultrasound acromiohumeral distance images at 3 different angles of shoulder abduction in the frontal plane.ResultsField hockey players showed a bilateral larger acromiohumeral distance at 45° (mean difference: 1.46 mm 95% CI 0.46; 2.46]; p = 0.005) and 60° (mean difference: 1.07 mm 95% CI 0.21; 1.93]; p = 0.016) compared to controls. In both groups, a significant but clinically less relevant, side difference was established for the acromiohumeral distance at 60° (mean difference: 0.79 mm 95% CI 0.21; 1.34]; p = 0.009).ConclusionWith active shoulder abduction, elite field hockey players show a larger acromiohumeral distance in comparison to non-athletic participants. This may be a protective sport-specific adaptation, to better guard the shoulder from injury. Thus, acromiohumeral distance measurement may help physical therapists/coaches decide which athletes could benefit from specific, additional exercises aimed at enlarging the subacromial space. |
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| Keywords: | Acromiohumeral distance Ultrasound Field hockey Elite athletes |
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