Evaluation of adolescent sport specialization and injury mechanism by sex: A secondary analysis |
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| Institution: | 1. University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Kinesiology, United States;2. San Diego State University, School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, United States;3. University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, United States;1. Department of Physical Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan;2. Edgewise Therapeutics, USA;3. Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Taipei, Taiwan;4. Department of Athletic Performance, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan;5. Centre for Exercise and Sports Science Research, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Australia;1. Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, South Africa;2. UCT Research Centre for Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport, South Africa;3. International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS) Collaborative Centre of Sports Medicine, South Africa;4. Division of Cell BiologyDepartment of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, South Africa;1. The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Waltham, MA, USA;2. Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA;3. Sports Medicine Center, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA;4. Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA;5. Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA;6. Interdisciplinary Program in Biomechanics and Movement Science, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA;7. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychomatic and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany;8. Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;9. Department of Pediatrics and Orthopedics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;1. Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Australia;2. The Hopkins Centre, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Australia;3. Extreme Environments Laboratory, Department of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom;4. School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Australia;5. Centre for Health System Reform and Integration, University of Queensland-Mater Research Institute, Australia;1. Center for Systems and Community Design, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, United States;2. Department of Epidemiology, Gilling’s School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, United States;3. School of Medicine, City University of New York, United States;4. Department of Population Health, School of Medicine, New York University, United States;1. Department of Occupational Therapy, Monash University – Peninsula Campus, Australia;2. Department of Occupational Therapy, Alfred Health, Australia |
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| Abstract: | ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to compare the association of sport specialization with previous overuse and acute injuries between male and female adolescent athletes.DesignCross-sectional study.MethodsQuestionnaires were completed by adolescent athletes from various sports at sport club summer events in the state of Wisconsin. Adolescent athletes (12–18 years old) who were active in organized sports in the previous year were recruited. The questionnaire contained demographics, sport participation, sport specialization classification, and previous injury history. Sport specialization classification was determined using common methods in sport specialization research. Previous injury was restricted to athletic injuries that occurred in the past year.ResultsTwo-thousand and eleven participants (age = 13.7 ± 1.6 years, females = 989) completed the questionnaire. Highly specialized athletes were more likely to report both acute and overuse injuries compared to low specialization athletes. However, this relationship differed by sex, with only moderate and highly specialized females being more likely (Moderate: OR 95%CI] = 1.74 1.18–2.58], p = 0.005; High: OR 95%CI] = 1.69 1.14–2.53], p = 0.010) to report an overuse injury compared to low specialization females. Highly specialized female athletes were more likely to report an acute injury (High: OR 95%CI] = 1.46 1.06–2.02], p = 0.022) compared to low specialization females. Highly specialized male athletes were not associated with overuse or acute injuries.ConclusionsHighly specialized athletes were more likely to report acute and overuse injuries. However, when this analysis was separated by sex, only highly specialized females were more likely to report a previous overuse or acute injury. |
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| Keywords: | Early specialization Females Sports medicine Acute injury Overuse injury |
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