急性心肌梗死患者便秘风险因素评估表的设计与应用

目的 探讨急性心肌梗死患者便秘风险因素评估表的设计与应用效果.方法 选择2011年12月至2012年11月首次诊断为急性心肌梗死患者238例为对照组,2013年1月至2013年12月的患者248例为观察组.对照组给予常规药物治疗,按本科护理常规进行护理,观察组在此基础上采用自制评估表进行便秘风险评估,根据得分的高低不同分为3个等级,并依此实施针对性护理干预措施.结果 干预1个月后,观察组发生便秘33例,发生率为13.4％,对照组发生便秘53例,便秘发生率22.3％,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 对急性心肌梗死患者进行便秘风险因素评估能有效预测心肌梗死患者发生便秘的高危人群,提高护理干预措施的针对性,降低急性心肌梗死患者的便秘发生率,减少并发症的发生.

Designation and application of assessment table of constipation risk factors in patients with acute myocardial infarction

Objective To investigate the effect of the designation and application of the assessment table of constipation risk factors in patients with acute myocardial infarction.Methods 238 patients diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction for the first time from December,2011 to November,2012 were selected as a control group,and 248 patients were selected from January to December,2013 as an observation group.The control group received conventional drug therapy and were routinely nursed according to undergraduate nursing convention.In addition,the observation group＇s constipation risk was assessed with self-assessment table; the results were divided into three levels according to the scores; then corresponding nursing intervention were carried out on the observation group.Results One month after the intervention,33 cases occurred constipation in the observation group,with an incidence of 13.4%; and 53 in the control group,with an incidence of 22.3%; the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）.Conclusions Assessing the constipation risk factors in patients with acute myocardial infarction can predict who have risk occurring constipation,so corresponding nursing intervention can be taken to lower the incidences of constipation and complications in the patients.