自噬与肿瘤

自噬是细胞内清除受损或多余蛋白和细胞器的一种降解途径,通过对这些物质的重新利用应对细胞内的代谢应激。自噬既参与机体正常生理功能的调节如代谢和免疫等,影响细胞的增殖和死亡,在维护机体的生理平衡和内环境的稳定发挥重要作用;同时还参与多种疾病的发生发展,甚至影响疾病的治疗疗效,目前涉及的疾病主要包括肿瘤、感染和神经退行性变等,其中自噬与肿瘤的相关性研究备受关注。自噬对限制肿瘤坏死与炎症具有保护性作用,也可缓解代谢应激时肿瘤基因组的损伤;相反通过调控自噬水平可影响放化疗的疗效。本文在简要介绍自噬生理功能的基础上,着重阐述自噬介导肿瘤发生发展及治疗。

Autophagy and cancer

Autophagy is a cellular degradation pathway for the clearance of damaged or superfluous proteins and organelles.The recycling of these intracellular constituents also serves as an alternative energy source against metabolic stress.Autophagy is involved in the regulation of normal physiological function,including metabohc,immunity,cell proliferation and death,which is important for maintaining physiological balance and homeostasis.Simultaneously,autophagy is also related with the development and progression of many diseases.What＇s more,it may affect the curative effect of some disease,mainly including infections,cancer and neurodegeneration.Nowadays,researches about autophagy and tumor cause for much concern.Autophagy provides a protective function to limit tumor necrosis and inflammation,and to mitigate genome damage in tumor cells against metabolic stress.Paradoxically,the regulation of autophagy can affect the therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapy and radiotherapy.In this review,the physiological functions of autophagy is concisely summarized,and autophagy related tumorigenesis and tumortherapy are focused on.