2004年浙江省车祸死亡及交通行为分析

目的 分析浙江省车祸死亡流行病学特征和人群交通行为情况,为预防和控制道路交通事故提供依据.方法 利用浙江省公共卫生监测系统2004年资料,采用ICD-10的编码进行伤害死因分类统计,计算伤害死亡率、死因构成、潜在寿命损失年(YPLL).结果 车祸死亡率为19.49/10万,居伤害死因的首位,农村车祸死亡率高于城市0.56倍,男性高于女性1.80倍,55.98%死亡病例集中在青壮年,学生人群的车祸死亡占其总死亡的比重较高.9种车祸死亡类型中,位居首位的是人-车碰撞造成行人死亡.减寿最为严重的车祸死亡者,城市为行人,农村为骑(乘)摩托车人员.调查前30 d,分别有11.30%、11.26%、12.78%的人有酒后驾车史、疲劳驾车(3 h以上)史和无证驾驶史,有36.22%的人驾(乘)摩托车未佩带头盔,有26.33%的行人有不遵守交通规则经历.结论 应加强对全民,特别是青壮年的交通安全教育,提高人群的交通安全意识.

Analysis of traffic deaths and traffic behaviors in Zhejiang Province in 2004

Objective The present study was conducted to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of traffic deaths and the traffic behaviors of population in Zhejiang Province in order to provide the basis for the prevention and control of traffic accidents. Methods Based on the data obtained from Public Health Surveillance System of Zhejiang Province in 2004, the rate of injury deaths was analyzed according to ICD-10, and the rate of injury deaths, the proportion of causes of death and years of potential life lost (YPLL) were calculated. Results Among all death causes of injuries, traffic accident ranked first, of which the mortality was 19.49/lakh. The mortality of traffic accident was 0.56 times higher in rural areas than in urban areas, and 1.80 times higher in males than in females. 55.98% of dead cases were young people, and deaths due to traffic accidents in students have accounted for a quite high percentage of all death causes. Among the 9 kinds of deaths due to traffic accidents, death resulted from the vehicle-man collision ranked top. The persons dying from traffic accidents whose potential life lost most seriously were the pedestrians in city, and motorcycle riders in county. 30 days before investigation, 11.30%, 11.26%, and 12.78% of persons had driven after drinking alcohol, or for more than 3 hours, or without license respectively, 36.22% of drivers had ridden motorcycle without helmet, and 26.33% of pedestrians hadn't obeyed the traffic rules. Conclusion We should enhance the public education of traffic safety especially young people to improve the public consciousness of traffic safety.