重庆市居民健康素养水平及影响因素分析

目的了解重庆市居民健康素养水平及其影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样和概率比例规模抽样(PPS)法,抽取全市1 918名15～69岁常住居民作为调查对象,采用问卷调查法调查居民健康素养水平。结果经过加权调整后,2015年重庆市居民健康素养水平为10.16%。单因素分析结果显示:主城区居民的健康素养水平高于郊区/县居民(P<0.05);街道居民的健康素养水平高于乡镇居民(P<0.05);不同文化程度居民的健康素养水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),呈现居民文化程度越高,健康素养水平越高的趋势;非农民居民的健康素养水平高于农民(P<0.05);不同家庭人均年收入居民的健康素养水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

Analysis of health literacy level among Chongqing residents and its influencing factors

Objective To investigate the health literacy level among Chongqing residents and its influencing factors.Methods Based on the methods of multi-stage cluster random sampling and probability-proportional-to-size sampling (PPS),a total of 1 918 Chongqing residents aged 15 to 69 years participated in this survey.A questionnaire was used to investigate the health literacy level of these residents.Results After weighted adjustment,the health literacy level among Chongqing residents in 2015 was 10.16%.The univariate analysis showed that,the health literacy level in urban areas was higher than that in suburb or county areas (P<0.05);street residents had a higher health literacy level than village or town residents (P<0.05);a higher educational level was associated with a higher health literacy level (P<0.05);non-peasant residents had a higher health literacy level than peasants (P<0.05);and the health literacy level also varied significantly with the annual household income per-capita (P<0.05).The multiple Logistic regression analysis revealed that,the main factors influencing the health literacy level of Chongqing residents were educational level and annual household income per-capita:residents with junior middle school or above education had a higher health literacy level than illiterate or semi-illiterate residents;residents with an annual household income greater than 5 000~10 000 RMB had a higher health literacy level than those with an annual household income less than 3 000 RMB.Conclusion The influencing factors on the health literacy level among Chongqing residents include educational level and annual household income per-capita.Health education and promotion practitioners should adopt appropriate approaches to provide population-specific health promotion initiatives.