231例艾滋病患者临床特征分析

目的了解艾滋病(AIDS)患者的临床特征,明确对AIDS诊疗的认识。方法收集本院2004年1月至2009年1月231例住院确诊的AIDS患者,进行回顾性临床分析并加以归纳总结。结果所收集患者的男女比例接近2∶1,传播途径以静脉吸毒为主,临床表现主要以发热(52例,22.51%)、咳嗽(49例,21.21%)、消瘦(17例,7.36%)、皮疹(24例,10.39%),腹泻(15例,6.49%)、贫血(14例,6.06%)为主。病变常累及呼吸系统(66例,28.57%)、消化系统(24例,10.39%)、血液系统(31例,13.41%);常见的机会性感染为肺部感染(46例,19.91%)、肺结核(14例,6.06%),腹泻(15例,6.49%)、带状疱疹(13例,5.63%),发生率与文献报道类似。结论 AIDS病情复杂,预后差。对反复发热、慢性咳嗽及长程腹泻的患者应尽早行抗-HIV检测,从而早诊断、早治疗。

Clinical analysis on 231 cases with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Objective To discuss the clinical feature of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome（AIDS）and assure its diagnosis and treatment.Methods Total of 231 patients confirmed as AIDS dignosis from January 2004 to January 2009 in our hospital were recruited and their clinical syndromes were analyzed.Results Among the 231 patients,the male and female ratio was 2∶1 and the major infection route was intravenoas drug injection.The main clinical manifestations were fever（52 cases,22.51%）,cough（49 cases,21.21%）,wight loss（17 cases,7.36%）,rash（24 cases,10.39%）,diarrhea（15 cases,6.49%）,anemia（14 cases,6.06%）.The damages often involved in the respiratory system（55 cases,28.56%）,the digestive system（24 cases,10.56%）and blood system（31 cases,16.25%）.The common opportunistic infection were pulmonary infection（16 cases,19.91%）,tuberculosis（14 cases,6.06%）,diarrhea（15 cases,6.49%）and shingles（13 cases,5.62%）.The incidences were similar to those reported in literatures.Conclutions The clinical feature of AIDS is complex and the prognosis is poor.Iterative fever,diarrhea and long-range chronic cough should be dealed with early detection of HIV antibodies and promptly diagnosis and treatment.