孕期体重管理对孕妇体重及围生期结局的影响分析

目的研究分析孕期体重管理对孕妇体重及围生期结局的影响。方法选取2009年10月—2013年10月在该院进行建册、产检并住院分娩的单胎、身体健康且无严重并发症的800例孕产妇作为研究对象,将所有孕妇在知情同意情况下分为对照组和观察组各400例,对照组孕妇给予常规的围生期健康检查和孕期指导,而观察组孕妇在对照组基础上给予孕期体重管理以及饮食健康指导。观察两组孕妇孕期的体重增加情况、新生儿体重情况、不同BMI增幅孕妇的分娩方式以及孕期并发症发生情况。结果观察组孕妇的孕期体重增长量明显低于对照组,两组对比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;观察组新生儿体重明显轻于对照组,两组对比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;当BMI增长幅度在4-6 kg/m^2时,观察组的子痫前期发生率明显低于对照组,两组对比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;当BMI增长幅度〉6 kg/m^2时,观察组孕妇妊娠期糖尿病以及剖宫产发生率均明显低于对照组,两组对比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论对孕妇给予孕期体重管理能够有效控制孕妇体重增长,降低巨大儿的可能性,减少子痫前期、妊娠期糖尿病以及剖宫产等发生率,同时改善孕妇围生期结局,值得临床大力推广。

Analysis of the Effect of Gestational Weight Management on Maternal Weight and Perinatal Outcome

Objective To study and analyze the effect of gestational weight management on maternal weight and perinatal outcome.Methods 800 healthy, uniparous pregnant women underwent registration, antenatal care and delivery without severe complications in our hospital from October 2009 to October 2013 were selected as the subjects and divided into the control group and the observation group with 400 cases in each in the context of informed consent. The control group were given the conventional perinatal physical examination and guidance, and the observation group were given the gestational weight management and healthy diet guide based on the conventional perinatal physical examination and guidance. The weight gain during pregnancy, neonatal weight,the delivery mode of the pregnant women with different BMI growth and the incidence of complications occurred in the pregnancy were compared between the two groups of pregnant women. Results The amount of weight gain during pregnancy of the pregnant women in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant（P〈0.05）; the neonatal weight in the observation group was significantly lighter than that in the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant（P〈0.05）; when the BMI growth was in the range of 4-6 kg/m2, the incidence of preeclampsia in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant（P〈0.05）; when the BMI growth rate was greater than 6 kg/m2, the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus and cesarean section in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion For pregnant women, gestational weight management can effectively control the weight increase of them, reduce the possibility of macrosomia, decrease the i