无针注射移植骨髓间充质干细胞治疗缺血性心脏病的实验研究

目的 探讨无针注射移植骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)治疗缺血性心脏病的可行性。方法 健康杂种犬32只建立急性心梗(MI)模型并随机分为4组为单纯建模组（MI组），无针注射生理盐水组（NS组），有针注射移植干细胞组（N+MSCs组），无针注射移植干细胞组（NF+MSCs组）。术后6周检测血流动力学，处死动物后分离心脏行大体及组织学观察，计算MI面积并行新生血管计数。结果 N+MSCs组及NF+MSCs组梗死区心肌被纤维结缔组织替代，其间可见新生小血管；分别与MI组，NS组及N+MSCs组比较，NF+MSCs组左室舒张末压(9.00±3.2)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)下降、左室内压最大上升(841.86±72.85)mmHg/s和下降速率(-787.29±45.08)mmHg/s升高、梗死面积(18.59±3.58)%缩小、新生小血管数量(9.57±2.23)增多（P<0.05）。结论 无针注射移植干细胞治疗缺血性心脏病是安全，有效的。

Experimental study on treatment of ischemic heart disease by delivery of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells using a needle-free injection model

AIM To explore the feasibility and effectiveness of treating ischemic heart disease by delivery of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) using needle-free injection. METHODS Thirty-two dogs were randomly divided into myocardial infarction (MI) group, needle-free injection of normal saline(NS) group, needle injection of mesenchymal stem cells(N+MSCs) group, and needle-free injection of mesenchymal stem cells (N+MSCs) group. Before operation, acute myocardial infarction model was produced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. No treatment, delivery of normal saline using needle-free injection, delivery of stem cells using needle injection and delivery of stem cells using needle-free injection was completed, respectively. done at the myocardial infarction area in the 4 groups. Hemodynamic monitoring was performed after the 6-week treatment. The hearts were harvested and sectioned for histological and immunohistochemical examination, and the infarct size and the number of small vessels were measured after the animals were sacrificed. RESULTS In group N+MSCs and group NF+MSCs, the infarct area was replaced by fibrous connective tissue and newborn small blood vessels were observed. Compared with other groups, the left ventricular end diastolic pressure (9.00±3.2) mmHg was decreased, the maximum rise rate (841.86±72.85) mmHg/s and the maximum decline rate (-787.29±45.08) mmHg/s of left ventricular pressure were increased, the infarct size (18.59±3.58)% was decreased and the number of newborn small vessels (9.57±2.23) increased in the group with delivery of stem cells using needle-free injection (P<0.05). CONCLUSION It is safe and effective to treat the ischemic heart disease with the needle-free injection of stem cells.